Question 1

According to Freud, the latency stage of personality development

Accepted Answer

The latency stage, according to Freud, is a period where there is no sexual activity or active sexual interest. This stage occurs after the phallic stage and before the genital stage, typically from age 6 to puberty.

Question 2

According to Freud, two instincts furnish the energy for personality functioning. These instincts are

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that two primary drives—sex (Eros or the life instinct) and aggression (Thanatos or the death instinct)—provide the energy for the psyche's functioning and influence behavior and personality.

Question 3

In "Femininity," one of Freud's last statements on women,

Accepted Answer

Freud admitted to an incomplete understanding of women in "Femininity," acknowledging the complexity and depth of female psychology which he felt he had not fully grasped.

Question 4

What event prompts boys to experience castration anxiety during the phallic stage?

Accepted Answer

Castration anxiety in boys during the phallic stage of psychosexual development, according to Freudian theory, is prompted by the realization that they have a penis and girls do not, leading to fears of losing their own penis.

Question 5

When boys feel sexual attraction to their mothers, hostility toward their fathers, and fears of punishment for these feelings,

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is described by Sigmund Freud's Oedipus complex theory, where boys in the phallic stage of psychosexual development feel sexual attraction towards their mothers and hostility towards their fathers, accompanied by castration anxiety, fearing punishment for these feelings.

Question 6

According to the Greek legend upon which Freud based the dynamics of the Oedipus complex, Oedipus

Accepted Answer

Oedipus, in Greek legend, unknowingly killed his father, King Laius, and married his mother, Queen Jocasta, fulfilling a prophecy. This story forms the basis of Freud's Oedipus complex theory, which suggests a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and jealousy toward the same-sex parent.

Question 7

Penis envy

Accepted Answer

Penis envy is a concept in Freudian psychoanalysis referring to a girl's sense of loss and jealousy over not having a penis, which Freud believed was part of the female Oedipus complex.

Question 8

According to Freud, in order to achieve mature sexual functioning women must

Accepted Answer

Freud theorized that mature female sexual functioning involved a shift from clitoral pleasure to vaginal pleasure, reflecting his belief in the developmental process of human sexuality.

Question 9

Freud's personal feelings about women were

Accepted Answer

Freud's views on women were complex and contradictory. He both expected traditional roles from women and admired their intellectual achievements, reflecting a nuanced and sometimes conflicting perspective on gender.

Question 10

Karen Horney was

Accepted Answer

Karen Horney was a physician and psychoanalyst, similar to Freud, and she is known for her work in psychoanalysis and her critiques of Freud's theories.

Question 11

In Freudian theory, that area of the mind that functions outside personal awareness is the

Accepted Answer

The unconscious is the part of the mind that stores thoughts, feelings, and memories that are not accessible to conscious awareness.

Question 12

Freud's developmental stages, in order, are the

Accepted Answer

Freud's theory of psychosexual development includes the oral, anal, phallic, and genital stages, each corresponding to a different focus of libido (sexual energy) at various ages.

Question 13

Freud's theory is uncomplimentary to women;

Accepted Answer

Freud was aware of the criticisms regarding his views on women and their psychological development from the early years of his work. His theories, such as the concept of "penis envy" and his views on female sexuality and development, were controversial and criticized for being biased against women. However, there is no evidence to suggest that he was unaware of these criticisms until the year before his death, that his female colleagues were reluctant to mention this facet of his theory, or that his wife divorced him over these issues.

Question 14

During the phallic stage, girls experience

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the phallic stage, girls experience
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Question 15

In Freud's theory, personality development is similar for boys and girls until what stage?

Accepted Answer

In Freud's theory, personality development is similar for boys and girls until the phallic stage, which is the third stage of psychosexual development occurring around ages 3 to 6 years. It is during this stage that the Oedipus and Electra complexes emerge, marking a divergence in the developmental process for boys and girls according to Freud.

Question 16

What leads to the resolution of the Oedipus complex and an end to castration anxiety?

Accepted Answer

The resolution of the Oedipus complex in boys occurs when they identify with their father, which helps them overcome castration anxiety and internalize male gender roles.

Question 17

Psychoanalytic theory holds that personality development occurs through a series of _________ stages, which are _________ determined.

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytic theory, particularly as developed by Sigmund Freud, posits that personality development occurs through a series of psychosexual stages. These stages are primarily biologically determined, reflecting the development of the libido or sexual energy within the individual.

Question 18

In Freud's theory

Accepted Answer

Freud's theory emphasizes the importance of both gender and sexuality as central factors in personality development and psychosexual development stages.

Question 19

Sigmund Freud was

Accepted Answer

Freud was a neurologist who is best known for his theories on the unconscious mind and the mechanism of repression. He developed a comprehensive theory of personality development, which includes the id, ego, and superego, as well as the psychosexual stages of development.

Question 20

Freud defined mature sexuality as

Accepted Answer

Freud defined mature sexuality primarily as heterosexual intercourse, reflecting the norms and scientific understanding of his time.

Quiz 5: Theories of Gender Development