Question 1

In 1965, John Porter published The Vertical Mosaic in which he argued that______ was a key variable in explaining immigrant success or failure.

Accepted Answer

John Porter, in "The Vertical Mosaic," argued that ethnicity was a key variable in explaining the success or failure of immigrants in Canada, focusing on how ethnic background influenced one's position within the social and economic hierarchies.

Question 2

According to the table that looks at earnings by racialization, gender, and place of birth, which of the following group in Canada had the lowest earnings?

Accepted Answer

Aboriginal Peoples in Canada have historically faced systemic barriers that impact their earnings, leading to them having lower earnings on average compared to other groups listed.

Question 3

In explaining racialized inequality, which sociological perspective argues that inequality is inevitable, but only in systems that are organized around profit, class, and private property?

Accepted Answer

The Conflict perspective in sociology argues that inequality is inevitable in systems organized around profit, class, and private property. This perspective views society as composed of groups that are in constant competition for resources and power, with economic factors playing a significant role in shaping social relations and institutions.

Question 4

What is the focus of employment equity as a concept or philosophy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the focus of employment equity...

Question 5

What term describes the unequal distribution of scarce and valued resources in society?

Accepted Answer

Inequality refers to the unequal distribution of scarce and valued resources in society.

Question 6

Affirmative action programs in the USA often entail quotas and deadlines. What is the focus of employment equity programs in Canada?

Accepted Answer

Employment equity programs in Canada focus on setting goals and timetables to achieve workplace diversity, rather than imposing quotas.

Question 7

In 2002, the federal government introduced its "Embracing Change" policy which stipulated a ______per cent target in the hiring, training, and promotion of racialized minorities?

Accepted Answer

The "Embracing Change" policy aimed for a 20 per cent target in the hiring, training, and promotion of racialized minorities to reflect diversity and inclusion within the federal workforce.

Question 8

What approach toward equality is known to take differences into account as a basis for overcoming disadvantage?

Accepted Answer

Equity-based equality focuses on recognizing and addressing differences to ensure fair treatment and opportunities, aiming to overcome disadvantages.

Question 9

Over time, according to 2006 data, the unemployment rate for immigrants aged 25 to 54 regardless of origins_____

Accepted Answer

According to 2006 data, the unemployment rate for immigrants aged 25 to 54, regardless of origins, declined over time. This trend indicates an improvement in the employment situation for this demographic group.

Question 10

In explaining racialized inequality, what sociological model of society endorses inequality as necessary and desirable in a complex society?

Accepted Answer

Functionalism views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. It argues that social inequality is necessary and inevitable to motivate people to fill different positions that are crucial for the functioning of society.

Question 11

Functionalists tend to blame ethnicity for the problem of racialized inequality in society. According to conflict theorists, what is the central dynamics that accounts for racialized inequality?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists argue that class relations, not ethnicity, are central to understanding racialized inequality. They believe that economic and social inequalities are rooted in the conflicts between different classes, rather than inherent ethnic or cultural differences.

Question 12

In 1980, immigrants who had lived in Canada for ten years earned in relationship to Canadian born workers, while _______in the year 2000, immigrants who had lived in Canada for 10 years earned ______in relationship to Canadian born workers

Accepted Answer

In 1980, immigrants who had lived in Canada for ten years earned about the same as Canadian-born workers, but by the year 2000, the earnings of immigrants who had lived in Canada for ten years had declined relative to Canadian-born workers, meaning they earned less in comparison.

Question 13

According to an equity paradigm, the problem of racialized inequality can be traced to__________ .

Accepted Answer

The equity paradigm focuses on systemic issues, such as institutional structures, as the root cause of racialized inequality, rather than individual attitudes, personality disorders, or cultural clashes.

Question 14

According to the case study on employment equity, critics on the left attack employment equity because___________ .

Accepted Answer

Critics on the left often argue that employment equity does not go far enough in addressing the systemic and structural issues that lead to inequality in the workplace. They believe that while employment equity may help to diversify the workforce, it does not tackle the deeper societal and economic factors that cause unequal distribution of opportunities and resources in the first place.

Question 15

According to the table that looks at earnings by racialization, gender, and place of birth, which of the following group in Canada had the highest earnings?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the table that looks at...

Question 16

In the 1980s, the concept of inequality underwent a shift in thinking. As a result of this conceptual shift, what was perceived as the primary cause of racialized inequality?

Accepted Answer

The shift in thinking during the 1980s regarding the concept of inequality led to a greater emphasis on discriminatory barriers as the primary cause of racialized inequality. This perspective highlighted the systemic and institutional barriers that marginalized racial and ethnic groups face, rather than attributing inequality to individual prejudices or cultural differences.

Question 17

In explaining racialized inequality, an ethnicity paradigm is likely to_______ .

Accepted Answer

The ethnicity paradigm often focuses on cultural factors and may attribute racialized inequality to the behaviors or characteristics of the minority group itself, which can lead to victim-blaming.

Question 18

Data from 2006 indicate that immigrants from Europe and the Unites States are ________to be employed than immigrants from other parts of the world?

Accepted Answer

Immigrants from Europe and the United States are generally more likely to be employed than immigrants from other parts of the world, often due to factors like higher levels of education, language proficiency, and professional skills that align with job market demands in host countries.

Question 19

What term that describes a hierarchical system in which minority groups occupy specialized occupational statuses along a cultural division of labour?

Accepted Answer

Racial(ized) stratification refers to a hierarchical system where minority groups are assigned specific occupational roles within a culturally divided labor market, highlighting how race and ethnicity can influence economic and social status.

Question 20

Certain institutions are obligated to comply with provisions of Canada's Employment Equity Act. Which of the following is NOT obligated to comply with the Act"?

Accepted Answer

The Employment Equity Act in Canada applies to federally regulated industries, including Crown Corporations, the federal public service, and federal contractors with contracts of $1 million or more, typically requiring them to have more than 100 employees. However, federal contractors with less than 100 employees are not obligated to comply with the Act, making option A the correct answer.

Quiz 5: Racialized Inequality