Question 1

Which memory store is difficult to study because of its fleeting nature?

Accepted Answer

The sensory store, also known as sensory memory, is difficult to study because it holds information for a very brief period, typically less than a second for visual information and a few seconds for auditory information, before it either decays or is transferred to short-term memory.

Question 2

Items of information in the long-term store will be easier to remember if they are ________.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Items of information in the long-term memory store _____________.

Accepted Answer

Long-term memory can store information indefinitely, and while the information is stored, it is not always in our conscious awareness. This means we can access and retrieve this information when needed, but it is not constantly at the forefront of our thoughts.

Question 4

Remembering when,or in which order,things actually occurred _________.

Accepted Answer

All of the options provided are correct. Remembering when or in which order events occurred is a noncontent attribute of episodic memory, which is particularly challenging when there is damage to the frontal lobe area of the brain. Additionally, there is an age-related deficit observed in individuals when they are required to reconstruct the exact order of events, making all the statements true.

Question 5

Compared to younger adults,older adults are ___________ susceptible to false memories (for example,remembering a specific word was on the list of words they studied when really it was not there).

Accepted Answer

Older adults are generally more susceptible to false memories compared to younger adults. This is due to various factors including declines in memory and cognitive processes with age, which can make it harder for older adults to accurately recall specific details and thus more likely to misremember or incorporate incorrect information into their memories.

Question 6

When it comes to memory,one theory is that older adults have a production deficiency.Which statement most accurately describes what is meant by this term?

Accepted Answer

The term "production deficiency" in the context of memory and aging suggests that older adults may not spontaneously engage in elaborative encoding strategies, which are techniques that help to enhance memory by adding meaning or additional information to the material to be remembered. However, when older adults are provided with guidance or instructions on how to use these strategies, they are capable of employing them and potentially improving their memory performance. This indicates that the issue is not an inability to use elaborative encoding per se, but rather a tendency not to do so without external prompts or instruction.

Question 7

Preparing information for entry into the long-term store is ______.

Accepted Answer

Encoding is the process of preparing information for entry into the long-term memory store.

Question 8

Procedural memory _________________.

Accepted Answer

Procedural memory is a type of long-term memory that enables us to perform tasks without conscious awareness of these previous experiences, and it is often exemplified by motor skills such as riding a bicycle. It does not show large age-related differences, is not part of the short-term memory store, and does not necessarily have to be learned at a specific time and place.

Question 9

Knowing that broccoli is a kind of vegetable is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

Knowing that broccoli is a kind of vegetable is an example of semantic memory, which involves facts and general knowledge about the world.

Question 10

On which type of memory test would there be the greatest age-related differences?

Accepted Answer

Recall tasks typically show the greatest age-related differences because they require more cognitive effort and self-initiated retrieval processes compared to recognition or cued recall tasks, where cues or the correct answer are provided to aid memory.

Question 11

Which of the following would not be considered a noncontent attribute of memory?

Accepted Answer

Noncontent attributes of memory refer to aspects of memory that involve the context or circumstances surrounding the memory, such as when or where something was learned, rather than the factual content itself. Remembering the name of someone you meet involves the factual content of the memory (the person's name) rather than the context or circumstances of the memory, making it a content attribute, not a noncontent attribute.

Question 12

The short-term memory store _____________.

Accepted Answer

All of the options correctly describe characteristics of the short-term memory store: it typically holds information for up to 30 seconds, can hold around 7 (plus or minus 2) unchunked units of information, and operates on a displacement basis where new incoming information pushes out old information when capacity is exceeded.

Question 13

The term "magic number seven plus or minus two" applies to______.

Accepted Answer

The term "magic number seven plus or minus two" refers to a theory proposed by psychologist George A. Miller in 1956, suggesting that the number of objects an average human can hold in short-term memory is about 7 ± 2. This concept does not apply to sensory, long-term, or procedural memory stores.

Question 14

Remembering where,when,or from whom an item of information was acquired is called _______ memory.

Accepted Answer

Source memory involves recalling the origin of the information, such as where, when, or from whom it was acquired.

Question 15

Working memory ______________.

Accepted Answer

Working memory is often likened to a mental scratch pad because it temporarily holds and manipulates information, similar to jotting down notes or calculations on a piece of paper for immediate use and then erasing them.

Question 16

Remembering the name of a movie that you saw last weekend would be considered an example of ____________.

Accepted Answer

Remembering the name of a movie that you saw last weekend is an example of episodic memory, which involves the recollection of specific events, situations, and experiences from one's personal past.

Question 17

Jean has difficulty remembering whether she actually turned off the stove or whether she only thought about doing it.This is a type of ______ on which there is ______.

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes an issue with "activity memory," which involves remembering whether one has performed a specific action. There is evidence for age-related decline in this type of memory, meaning that as people age, they may have more difficulty accurately recalling whether they have completed certain tasks.

Question 18

Primary memory is a type of ______ and it shows_______________.

Accepted Answer

Primary memory is often equated with short-term memory, which typically shows very little or no decline with increasing age.

Question 19

Which type of memory shows the greatest evidence for age-related decline?

Accepted Answer

Episodic memory, which involves the recollection of specific events, situations, and experiences, shows the greatest evidence for age-related decline. This type of memory tends to deteriorate more significantly with age compared to other types, such as procedural memory (skills and tasks) or semantic memory (facts and concepts).

Question 20

Older adults often claim that their memory is not as good as it used to be.

Accepted Answer

Many older adults experience a decline in memory as part of the normal aging process, noticing that their memory isn't as sharp as it was in their younger years.

Quiz 5: Memory