Question 1

With oblique axes, the factors are

Accepted Answer

In oblique rotation, factors are allowed to correlate, meaning they are not at right angles to one another.

Question 2

The "sensory keenness" approach to the measurement of intelligence

Accepted Answer

Arthur Jensen is a modern proponent of the sensory keenness approach to intelligence, suggesting that individual differences in intelligence may be partly based on differences in sensory discrimination and processing speed.

Question 3

A largely nonverbal and relatively culture-reduced form of mental efficiency is

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. It involves the ability to analyze novel problems, identify patterns and relationships that underpin these problems, and the extrapolation of these using logic. It is considered largely nonverbal and relatively unaffected by cultural background, making choice A correct.

Question 4

With orthogonal axes, the factors are

Accepted Answer

Orthogonal axes imply that the factors are both at right angles to one another and uncorrelated, which means they share no common variance and their relationship can be graphically represented as perpendicular to each other in a multidimensional space.

Question 5

Who proposed that an examinee's performance on a intelligence test is determined mainly by two influences: g, the pervasive general factor, and s, a factor specific to the test or subtest?

Accepted Answer

Charles Spearman proposed the theory that an individual's performance on an intelligence test is influenced by a general intelligence factor, known as "g", and specific factors unique to each test or subtest, known as "s".

Question 6

Vernon's two major group factors are

Accepted Answer

Vernon's hierarchical model of intelligence posits two major group factors: verbal-educational and practical-mechanical. This model suggests that intellectual abilities can be broadly categorized into these two domains, with verbal-educational abilities relating to academic and linguistic skills, and practical-mechanical abilities relating to technical, spatial, and physical skills.

Question 7

Indices of reaction time correlate as_______ high as with traditional psychometric tests of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Reaction time has a moderate correlation with traditional psychometric tests of intelligence, typically around .50. This suggests that individuals who perform better on intelligence tests tend to have faster reaction times, although the correlation is not so high as to suggest that reaction time could serve as a direct proxy for intelligence.

Question 8

With_________- rotations, it is also possible to factor analyze the factors themselves.

Accepted Answer

The answer of With_________- rotations, it is also possible to...

Question 9

The view that intelligence consists of about seven primary mental abilities was put forth by

Accepted Answer

Thurstone proposed the theory of primary mental abilities, suggesting that intelligence consists of seven different primary abilities rather than being a single, unified construct.

Question 10

In factor analysis, Comrey rates a sample size of 500 as

Accepted Answer

Comrey rates a sample size of 500 as "very good" for factor analysis.

Question 11

When the factors are factor analyzed, the outcome consists of

Accepted Answer

When factors are factor analyzed, the outcome consists of second-order factors. This process is known as hierarchical factor analysis, where initially identified factors (first-order factors) are further analyzed to identify underlying patterns or dimensions, resulting in second-order factors.

Question 12

The analogy "hammer : nail : screwdriver : ?" exemplifies the approach to intelligence favored by

Accepted Answer

Spearman's approach to intelligence emphasizes the idea of general intelligence, or "g factor," which would include the ability to see relationships between objects and concepts, such as the tool-to-function relationship illustrated in the analogy.

Question 13

In producing the final rotated factor matrix, researchers often rely upon

Accepted Answer

Both the criterion of positive manifold and the criterion of simple structure are used in producing the final rotated factor matrix.

Question 14

In factor analysis, it is desirable to have a minimum of subjects) for each test or variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In factor analysis, it is desirable to...

Question 15

Which of the following is a primary mental ability?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed (verbal comprehension, associative memory, and perceptual speed) are considered primary mental abilities according to the theory proposed by psychologist Louis Leon Thurstone in the early 20th century. This theory suggests that intelligence is composed of several distinct abilities rather than a single general ability.

Question 16

A particular kind of factor can emerge from factor analysis

Accepted Answer

Factor analysis can only identify and extract factors that are inherent in the tests and measures used in the analysis. If a particular factor is not represented in the data, factor analysis cannot magically produce it.

Question 17

The naming of factors depends upon

Accepted Answer

The naming of factors in factor analysis primarily relies on reasoned judgment, as it involves interpreting the underlying meaning of the factors based on the variables that load on them.

Question 18

Spearman's theory of intelligence was

Accepted Answer

Spearman's theory of intelligence was derived from factor analysis, emphasized a single general factor (g factor), and had physiological aspects.

Question 19

What are marker tests?

Accepted Answer

Marker tests are those tests from a larger battery that best represent or depict the major factors being measured, not those with near zero loadings on these factors.

Question 20

Which theory proposed that intelligence consists of pervasive Stratum III), broad Stratum II), and narrow abilities Stratum I) that are hierarchically organized?

Accepted Answer

The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) Theory of intelligence proposes a hierarchical model of intelligence with three levels: Stratum III (general intelligence), Stratum II (broad abilities), and Stratum I (narrow abilities). This theory integrates the work of Raymond Cattell, John Horn, and John Carroll, offering a comprehensive framework for understanding cognitive abilities.

Quiz 5: Theories and Individual Tests of Intelligence and Achievement