Question 1

A man has been admitted to the hospital unit with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He is receiving supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via a nasal cannula. Which positioning technique will best assist him with his breathing?

Accepted Answer

Fowler's position, where the patient is seated in a semi-upright position (typically at a 45- to 60-degree angle), is beneficial for patients with respiratory issues like COPD. This position promotes lung expansion and eases breathing by reducing pressure on the diaphragm.

Question 2

A frail, elderly man is admitted to the hospital after a fall at home resulted in a left hip fracture. After surgery, he is to begin ambulating with a walker but must avoid weight bearing on his left lower leg. What is the best intervention to help him use his walker?

Accepted Answer

Arm resistance training will help the patient build upper body strength, which is crucial for using a walker effectively, especially when he needs to avoid weight bearing on his left leg.

Question 3

To achieve balance, body mass must be distributed around which point?

Accepted Answer

The center of gravity is the point around which the body's mass is evenly distributed in all directions, and it plays a crucial role in maintaining balance.

Question 4

Which would be the most appropriate goal for a frail, elderly patient with a history of emphysema and a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Injury after hip surgery?

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate goal for a frail, elderly patient with a history of emphysema and a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Injury after hip surgery is to remain free from injury or falls throughout the hospital stay. This goal directly addresses the patient's risk for injury, particularly important given the patient's frailty and recent surgery.

Question 5

Identify the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for promoting the safety of a frail, elderly patient after hip replacement surgery who also has a history of emphysema.

Accepted Answer

Risk for Injury related to medical condition is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis as it encompasses the patient's overall condition, including the recent surgery and history of emphysema, focusing on preventing further injury.

Question 6

A nurse is assessing a healthy older adult patient for an exercise program to be offered at the local hospital. During the evaluation, the nurse notes the following vital signs: pulse (P) = 72 beats/min; respiratory rate (RR) = 16 breaths/min; blood pressure (BP) = 132/70 mm Hg. After 3 minutes of moderate-intensity running on the treadmill, the patient becomes short of breath and states, "I have to stop. I can't do this anymore." The nurse measures his vital signs again: P = 152 beats/min; RR = 40 breaths/min; BP = 172/98 mm Hg. She instructs him to rest. Vital signs return to baseline after 15 minutes. The nurse should recognize his symptoms as associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The patient's symptoms of becoming short of breath and unable to continue exercise, along with the significant increase in pulse, respiratory rate, and blood pressure during exercise, indicate limited activity tolerance rather than anxiety, orthostatic hypotension, or respiratory distress.

Question 7

A nurse has been asked to design an exercise program with the goal of increasing a client's muscular strength and endurance. Which exercise program would specifically focus on meeting that goal?

Accepted Answer

Resistance training is specifically designed to increase muscular strength and endurance by exercising a muscle or a muscle group against external resistance.

Question 8

A teenage boy was hospitalized 3 weeks ago. He has been confined to bed throughout his hospital stay because of a crushed pelvis. His parents tell the nurse, "Our son is just staring off into space; he won't talk to us. He isn't acting like himself." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The most appropriate response by the nurse is to acknowledge the significant impact of the boy's injury and immobility on his mental state, suggesting that these factors might be contributing to feelings of isolation and depression. This response shows understanding of the situation and offers a plausible explanation for the boy's behavior.

Question 9

Which action, when demonstrated by the patient with osteoporosis, would indicate to the nurse that teaching was effective?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which action, when demonstrated by the patient...

Question 10

Which is the best treatment to protect the integument of the patient who is frail, malnourished, and immobile?

Accepted Answer

Turning the patient at least every 2 hours is crucial for preventing pressure ulcers, which are a significant risk for a patient who is frail, malnourished, and immobile. This practice helps to redistribute pressure and enhance blood flow to the skin and underlying tissues.

Question 11

A healthy 32-year-old man wants to start a fitness program to increase his muscle tone and muscle strength. Based on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommendations, which advice should the nurse offer him?

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends at least 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity, or 75 to 150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week for substantial health benefits, including muscle strengthening activities on 2 or more days a week.

Question 12

An older patient with newly diagnosed osteoporosis asks the nurse to explain her health problem. Which is the correct description of osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone density and mass, making bones more fragile and increasing the risk of fractures. It does not directly involve joint degeneration, inflammation, or infection, which distinguishes it from the other options provided.

Question 13

A 15-year-old patient complains of left ankle pain after being tackled while playing football. He asks the nurse what tests he needs to have to determine whether he has a strain or a fracture. How should the nurse reply?

Accepted Answer

Sprains, strains, and fractures can present with similar symptoms such as pain, swelling, and limited mobility, making it difficult to distinguish between them based solely on physical examination. An x-ray is a standard diagnostic tool used to visualize bones and can confirm the presence of a fracture.

Question 14

Which type of joint are the sutures between cranial bones?

Accepted Answer

Sutures between cranial bones are classified as synarthroses, which are immovable joints.

Question 15

A patient fractured her right ulna 8 weeks ago and has just had her cast removed. The orthopedic surgeon prescribes isometric exercises for the right arm. Which of the following exercises complies with the surgeon's orders?

Accepted Answer

Isometric exercises involve muscle contraction without joint movement. Pressing the hand against a wall and holding the position fits this definition, as it involves muscle engagement without moving the joint.

Question 16

When caring for a patient with osteoporosis, which of the following is the most important action to take to minimize progression of the disease?

Accepted Answer

Starting a weight-bearing exercise program is crucial for patients with osteoporosis as it helps to strengthen bones and slow the progression of the disease. Weight-bearing exercises, such as walking, jogging, and strength training, can help improve bone density and reduce the risk of fractures.

Question 17

The nurse is helping the patient to perform leg exercises after surgery to prevent thrombophlebitis. Which type of muscle is the patient using for these exercises?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscles are responsible for voluntary movements such as leg exercises. These muscles are attached to bones and are used during physical activities to prevent conditions like thrombophlebitis by improving circulation.

Question 18

The patient with a spinal cord injury is experiencing autonomic dysfunctions. Which is an important aspect of care to assist in managing these dysfunctions?

Accepted Answer

Placing the patient in a high-back reclining wheelchair which can be lowered helps manage autonomic dysfunctions by allowing adjustments in positioning to support blood pressure regulation and comfort, important for patients with spinal cord injuries.

Question 19

What action is most important in limiting the nurse's risk of back injuries?

Accepted Answer

Avoiding manual lifting by using assistive devices as often as possible is the most effective action in limiting the risk of back injuries for nurses. This approach minimizes the physical strain on the nurse's body.

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a 25-year-old male quadriplegic patient. Which of the following treatments would the nurse perform to decrease the risk of joint contracture and promote joint mobility?

Accepted Answer

Passive range of motion (ROM) exercises are performed on a patient by a caregiver or a therapist, without the patient's assistance, to maintain joint flexibility and prevent contractures, especially in patients who are unable to move their limbs independently, such as quadriplegics.

Quiz 32: Physical Activity Immobility

A man has been admitted to the hospital unit with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . He is receiving supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min via a nasal cannula. Which positioning technique will best assist him with his breathing?