Question 1

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population at random where each individual has an equal chance of being selected?
A) simple random sample
B) quota sample
C) volunteer sample
D) stratified random sample

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling involves selecting individuals from the population at random, where each individual has an equal chance of being selected.

Question 2

Internet samples are typically less representative of the population of interest than samples that are collected fact-to-face.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 3

Which of the following describes a quota sample?
A) people who respond to a mailed survey make up the sample
B) all students who sign up for a study make up the sample
C) 60% of the population is left-handed so 60% of the participants chosen are also left-handed
D) participants are selected from a local preschool class to represent preschoolers who live in the area

Accepted Answer

A quota sample involves selecting participants to ensure that the sample reflects certain characteristics of the population, such as having 60% left-handed participants to match the population's 60% left-handedness.

Question 4

The __________ a population is the population to which the researcher wishes to generalize the results of the study.
A) target
B) general
C) accessible
D) universal

Accepted Answer

The target population is the group of individuals to which researchers aim to generalize their study findings.

Question 5

Which one is not a probability sample?
A) simple random sample
B) stratified random sample
C) cluster sample
D) haphazard sample

Accepted Answer

A haphazard sample is not a probability sample because it does not involve random selection, and therefore, each member of the population does not have a known, non-zero chance of being selected.

Question 6

The _________ is the group of individuals a researcher wants to learn about in a study, whereas the _______ is the groups of individuals tested in a study.
A) sample, population
B) population, sample
C) population, sampling error
D) sampling error, population

Accepted Answer

The population is the entire group a researcher is interested in, while the sample is the subset of that population that is actually tested or observed in the study.

Question 7

Unlike a stratified random sample, the _______ sample will make use of convenience sampling techniques such as recruiting participants from a participant sign-up pool or asking students sitting in the library to fill out the survey.
A) simple random sample
B) quota sample
C) volunteer sample
D) haphazard sample

Accepted Answer

The answer of Unlike a stratified random sample, the _______...

Question 8

Convenience samples will likely increase the amount of sampling error in the study, lowering its _________validity by making a test of the hypotheses less accurate.
A) external
B) convenience
C) haphazard
D) internal

Accepted Answer

Internal validity refers to the extent to which a study design allows for the accurate testing of hypotheses. Convenience samples are likely to increase the amount of sampling error in the study, which can lower the internal validity of the study by making a test of the hypotheses less accurate.

Question 9

Which of the following describes a cluster sample?
A) people who respond to a mailed survey make up the sample
B) all students who sign up for a study make up the sample
C) 60% of the population is left-handed so 60% of the subjects chosen are also left-handed
D) subjects are selected from a local preschool class to represent preschoolers who live in the area

Accepted Answer

A cluster sample involves dividing the population into clusters and then randomly selecting entire clusters to be included in the sample. In option D, subjects are selected from a local preschool class, which represents a cluster of preschoolers in the area.

Question 10

The most common type of convenience sample used by psychologists is the____________ sample.
A) simple random sample
B) cluster sample
C) haphazard sample
D) stratified random sample

Accepted Answer

Psychologists often use haphazard samples, which are non-random and based on convenience, such as using students from a nearby university.

Question 11

__________ participants may be more likely to respond to e-mail contacts, whereas __________participants may be more likely to respond to phone contacts.
A) younger, older
B) older, younger
C) male, female
D) female, male

Accepted Answer

Younger participants are generally more accustomed to digital communication like email, while older participants may prefer more traditional methods like phone calls.

Question 12

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population at random where the proportions of members of different groups are the same in the population and the sample?
A) simple random sample
B) cluster sample
C) volunteer sample
D) stratified random sample

Accepted Answer

Stratified random sampling involves dividing the population into distinct subgroups (strata) and then randomly sampling from each stratum in proportion to its size in the population, ensuring that the sample reflects the population's composition.

Question 13

All studies, regardless of sampling technique are subject to sampling error.

Accepted Answer

Sampling error is the difference between the characteristics of a sample and the characteristics of the population from which the sample was drawn. It is inherent in all studies, regardless of the sampling technique used.

Question 14

The percentage of people out of the total number available who respond to a survey is called the:
A) response rate
B) reply speed
C) response speed
D) percentage rate

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the percentage of people who respond to a survey out of the total number available is the response rate. The other answer choices (reply speed, response speed, percentage rate) do not accurately describe this measurement.

Question 15

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population such that individuals are chosen from a pre-existing group?
A) simple random sample
B) cluster sample
C) haphazard sample
D) stratified random sample

Accepted Answer

Cluster sample involves choosing individuals from the population such that individuals are chosen from a pre-existing group.

Question 16

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population such that individuals from the population who volunteer are selected?
A) simple random sample
B) quota sample
C) haphazard sample
D) stratified random sample

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following sampling techniques involves...

Question 17

Which of the following sampling techniques is likely to create the smallest amount of sampling error?
A) cluster sample
B) simple random sample
C) volunteer sample
D) none of the above (all are equivalent in terms of sampling error)

Accepted Answer

A simple random sample is likely to create the smallest amount of sampling error because each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, reducing bias and increasing representativeness.

Question 18

All sampling error can be removed from a study if the appropriate sampling technique is used.

Accepted Answer

Sampling error is an inherent part of any study due to the fact that we cannot measure the entire population. While certain sampling techniques can reduce sampling error, it cannot be completely removed.

Question 19

Convenience samples are also called:
A) volunteer samples
B) haphazard samples
C) cluster samples
D) purposive samples

Accepted Answer

The answer of Convenience samples are also called:
A) volunteer samples
B)...

Question 20

Which of the following sampling techniques is likely to create the largest amount of sampling error?
A) stratified random sample
B) simple random sample
C) volunteer sample
D) none of the above (all are equivalent in terms of sampling error)

Accepted Answer

Volunteer samples are prone to high sampling error because they rely on self-selection, which often leads to a non-representative sample.

Quiz 6: Descriptive Statistics

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population at random where each individual has an equal chance of being selected?

Internet samples are typically less representative of the population of interest than samples that are collected fact-to-face.

Which of the following describes a quota sample?

The __________ a population is the population to which the researcher wishes to generalize the results of the study.

Which one is not a probability sample?

The ___ is the group of individuals a researcher wants to learn about in a study, whereas the _ is the groups of individuals tested in a study.

Unlike a stratified random sample, the _______ sample will make use of convenience sampling techniques such as recruiting participants from a participant sign-up pool or asking students sitting in the library to fill out the survey.

Convenience samples will likely increase the amount of sampling error in the study, lowering its _________validity by making a test of the hypotheses less accurate.

Which of the following describes a cluster sample?

The most common type of convenience sample used by psychologists is the____________ sample.

participants may be more likely to respond to e-mail contacts, whereas participants may be more likely to respond to phone contacts.

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population at random where the proportions of members of different groups are the same in the population and the sample?

All studies, regardless of sampling technique are subject to sampling error.

The percentage of people out of the total number available who respond to a survey is called the:

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population such that individuals are chosen from a pre-existing group?

Which of the following sampling techniques involves choosing individuals from the population such that individuals from the population who volunteer are selected?

Which of the following sampling techniques is likely to create the smallest amount of sampling error?

All sampling error can be removed from a study if the appropriate sampling technique is used.

Convenience samples are also called:

Which of the following sampling techniques is likely to create the largest amount of sampling error?