Question 1

Eyebrow hairs are always shorter than hairs on your head because _ .
A) they grow much slower
B) the vascular supply of the eyebrow follicle is one- tenth that of the head hair follicle
C) hormones in the eyebrow follicle switch the growth off after it has reached a predetermined length
D) eyebrow follicles are only active for a few months

Accepted Answer

Eyebrow follicles have a shorter active growth phase (anagen phase) compared to scalp hair follicles, which limits their length.

Question 2

What is the first threat to life from a massive third- degree burn?
A) infection
B) loss of immune function
C) unbearable pain
D) catastrophic fluid loss

Accepted Answer

Catastrophic fluid loss is the immediate threat to life from a massive third-degree burn, as it can lead to shock and organ failure due to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.

Question 3

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes .
A) accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV- blocking pigment layer
B) maintain the appropriate pH in order for the melanocyte to synthesize melanin granules
C) maintain the appropriate temperature so the product of the melanocyte will not denature
D) provide the melanocyte with nutrients necessary for melanin synthesis

Accepted Answer

Keratinocytes accumulate melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a protective layer that absorbs and blocks UV radiation, thereby protecting the skin from UV damage.

Question 4

The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, well- being, and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is responsible for cell division and replacement?
A) stratum lucidum
B) stratum corneum
C) stratum granulosum
D) stratum basale

Accepted Answer

The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis and is responsible for cell division and replacement, as it contains the basal cells that continuously divide to form new cells.

Question 5

Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.
A) Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the stratum corneum.
B) Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.
C) Basal cell carcinomas are the least common but most malignant.
D) Most tumors that arise on the skin are malignant.

Accepted Answer

Melanomas are less common than other types of skin cancer, but they are the most dangerous and can quickly spread to other organs if not removed early. Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the epidermis and basal cell carcinomas are the most common but least malignant. Most tumors that arise on the skin are benign.

Question 6

Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well- being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?
A) The dermis is the thickest portion of the skin and water cannot pass through it.
B) The size and shape of the cells that make up the stratum spinosum, as well as the thick bundles of intermediate filaments.
C) Fat associated with skin prevents water loss.
D) Lamellar granules of the cells of the stratum granulosum, a glycolipid that is secreted into extracellular spaces.

Accepted Answer

Lamellar granules in the stratum granulosum secrete glycolipids into extracellular spaces, forming a barrier that reduces water loss through the skin.

Question 7

The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function?
A) macrophages called dendritic cells (Langerhans Cell)
B) keratinocytes, because they are so versatile
C) cells found in the stratum spinosum
D) tactile cells

Accepted Answer

Dendritic cells, also known as Langerhans cells, are immune cells that originate from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis to help protect the integumentary system by detecting and presenting antigens to T-cells.

Question 8

Changes in the color of skin are often an indication of a homeostatic imbalance. Which of the following changes would suggest that a patient is suffering from Addison's disease?
A) The skin takes on a bronze or metallic appearance.
B) The skin appears to have an abnormal, yellowish tint.
C) Black- and- blue marks become evident for no apparent cause.
D) It is impossible to suggest Addison's disease from an inspection of a person's skin.

Accepted Answer

Addison's disease is characterized by a bronze or metallic appearance of the skin due to increased production of melanin.

Question 9

The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is .
A) primarily uric acid
B) fatty substances, proteins, antibodies, and trace amounts of minerals and vitamins
C) metabolic wastes
D) 99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C

Accepted Answer

Eccrine gland secretions are primarily composed of 99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C, which helps in thermoregulation and waste excretion.

Question 10

The single most important risk for skin cancer is _ _
A) overexposure to UV radiation
B) genetics
C) use of farm chemicals
D) race

Accepted Answer

Overexposure to UV radiation is the most significant risk factor for skin cancer, as it directly damages the DNA in skin cells, leading to mutations that can result in cancer.

Question 11

Which glands produce ear wax?
A) Apocrine glands
B) Merocrine glands
C) Ceruminous glands
D) Eccrine Glands

Accepted Answer

Ceruminous glands are specialized sweat glands located in the ear canal that produce ear wax (cerumen).

Question 12

A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?
A) basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
B) corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
C) granulosum, basale, spinosum, corneum
D) basale, spinosum, granulosum, corneum

Accepted Answer

The answer of A needle would pierce the epidermal layers...

Question 13

The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except .
A) cuticle
B) medulla
C) cortex
D) external root sheath

Accepted Answer

The external root sheath is part of the hair follicle, not the hair shaft. The hair shaft consists of the cuticle, medulla, and cortex.

Question 14

Which of the following cutaneous receptors is specialized for the reception of touch or light pressure?
A) Meissner's corpuscles
B) Pacinian corpuscles
C) Krause's end bulbs
D) free nerve endings

Accepted Answer

Meissner's corpuscles are specialized for detecting light touch and pressure, making them sensitive to changes in texture and slow vibrations.

Question 15

Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been previously stretched and/or torn?
A) There is an episode of acute pain due to the large number of tactile corpuscles.
B) The stretching causes the tension lines to disappear.
C) The appearance of visible, silvery- white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis.
D) The blood vessels in the dermis rupture and the blood passes through the tissue, causing permanent "black- and- blue marks."

Accepted Answer

The appearance of visible, silvery-white scars, known as stretch marks or striae, indicates that the dermis has been stretched or torn.

Question 16

is an inherited condition that affects the heme pathway; it leaves the skin scarred and gums degenerated, and may have led to the folklore about vampires.
A) Decubitus ulcer
B) Rosacea
C) Impetigo
D) Porphyria

Accepted Answer

Porphyria is an inherited disorder affecting the heme pathway, leading to symptoms like skin sensitivity to sunlight, scarring, and gum degeneration, which may have contributed to vampire folklore.

Question 17

Although the integument is a covering, it is by no means simple, and some of its functions include
)
A) the dermis providing the major mechanical barrier to chemicals, water, and other external substances
B) epidermal blood vessels serving as a blood reservoir
C) cooling the body by increasing the action of sebaceous glands during high- temperature conditions
D) resident macrophage- like cells whose function is to ingest antigenic invaders and present them to the immune system

Accepted Answer

The integumentary system includes Langerhans cells in the epidermis, which are macrophage-like cells that ingest antigens and present them to the immune system.

Question 18

Acne is a disorder associated with .
A) sweat glands
B) ceruminous glands
C) sebaceous glands
D) Meibomian glands

Accepted Answer

Acne is primarily associated with the sebaceous glands, which produce oil (sebum) that can clog pores and lead to acne.

Question 19

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?
A) holocrine and mammary
B) eccrine and apocrine
C) sebaceous and merocrine
D) mammary and ceruminous

Accepted Answer

Eccrine and apocrine glands are the two types of sweat glands. Eccrine glands are responsible for regulating body temperature through sweat, while apocrine glands are associated with hair follicles and become active during puberty.

Question 20

Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?
A) The skin is protected by increasing the number of epidermal dendritic cells, which help to activate the immune system.
B) Carotene, which accumulates in the stratum corneum and hypodermal adipose tissue, is synthesized in large amounts in the presence of sunlight.
C) The skin is protected by the synthesis of three pigments that contribute to the skin's color.
D) Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen.

Accepted Answer

Melanin dispersion in response to UV exposure helps protect the skin by absorbing and dissipating UV radiation, acting as a natural sunscreen.

Quiz 5: The Integumentary System

Eyebrow hairs are always shorter than hairs on your head because _ .

What is the first threat to life from a massive third- degree burn?

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes .

The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, well- being, and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is responsible for cell division and replacement?

Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.

Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well- being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?

The integumentary system is protected by the action of cells that arise from bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis. Which of the following cells serve this function?

Changes in the color of skin are often an indication of a homeostatic imbalance. Which of the following changes would suggest that a patient is suffering from Addison's disease?

The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is .

The single most important risk for skin cancer is _ _

Which glands produce ear wax?

A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?

The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except .

Which of the following cutaneous receptors is specialized for the reception of touch or light pressure?

Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been previously stretched and/or torn?

is an inherited condition that affects the heme pathway; it leaves the skin scarred and gums degenerated, and may have led to the folklore about vampires.

Although the integument is a covering, it is by no means simple, and some of its functions include )

Acne is a disorder associated with .

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?

Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?