Question 1

Provide an appropriate response.
-A person is always late for class. Identify the potential error as random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

This behavior is systematic because it shows a consistent pattern (always being late) rather than occurring unpredictably or without a discernible pattern, which would be characteristic of a random error.

Question 2

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Preference ratings: as in "Rate the item of most importance to you a 5 and that of least importance a 1"

Accepted Answer

Preference ratings are qualitative data because they describe a quality or characteristic of an item. They are ordinal data because they can be ranked in order of importance, but the differences between the ranks are not necessarily equal.

Question 3

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Order of finish of the NFL teams in the NFC Central division

Accepted Answer

The data are qualitative because they describe a quality or category (order of finish), and they are ordinal because the order of finish implies a ranking or order among the teams.

Question 4

Provide an appropriate response.
-Totals are determined by rounding to tenths. Identify the potential error as random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-Totals are determined by...

Question 5

Provide an appropriate response.
-Select the measurement most likely to be subject to random error. 
1 - Measuring yards of rope by using ear to extended hand as one yard
2 - Measuring lengths of wood with a worn ruler
3 - Measuring half a cup of flour with a measuring cup marked in quarter cups
4 - Estimating speed by using the car odometer and counting seconds by "one mississippi, two mississippi, ..."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-Select the measurement most...

Question 6

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Maximum daily temperature on the Kelvin scale

Accepted Answer

Maximum daily temperature on the Kelvin scale is quantitative because it consists of numerical values. It is at the ratio level of measurement because it has a true zero point (0 K means no thermal energy). It is continuous because temperature can take on any value within an interval.

Question 7

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Chapter numbers in a textbook

Accepted Answer

Chapter numbers in a textbook are quantitative because they represent a countable number of chapters. They are ordinal because the chapters are ordered or ranked in a meaningful way (Chapter 1 comes before Chapter 2, and so on). They are discrete because you count chapters in whole numbers; you can't have half or a quarter of a chapter in the context of chapter numbering.

Question 8

Provide an appropriate response.
-Identify the error made by a "hunt and peck" typist as random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

The errors made by a "hunt and peck" typist are random because they do not follow a consistent pattern and can vary each time they type.

Question 9

Provide an appropriate response.
-A computer uses voice recognition software. Identify the potential error as random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

Voice recognition software errors are typically systematic because they often result from consistent issues like accent, speech clarity, or background noise, leading to predictable and repeatable errors.

Question 10

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Intramural team classification: Green, Gold, Silver, Red, Blue, Orange

Accepted Answer

The data are names of colors used to classify intramural teams, which makes them qualitative (or categorical) because they describe a quality or category rather than a numerical value. The data are nominal because there is no inherent order or ranking among the team classifications.

Question 11

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Automobile battery ratings:  "good", "better", "best"

Accepted Answer

The data are qualitative because they categorize the batteries into groups without using numbers. The terms "good," "better," "best" indicate a ranking order, making the level of measurement ordinal.

Question 12

Provide an appropriate response.
-A digital scale reads 0.01 g when it is empty. Identify the potential error in the measurements made on this scale
As random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

The error is systematic because it consistently shows a 0.01 g reading when empty, indicating a consistent bias in the measurements.

Question 13

Provide an appropriate response.
-Identify the potential error in recording arrival times for interstate highway trips as random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

Systematic error occurs when there is a consistent difference between the true value and the measured value. In this case, the potential error in recording arrival times for interstate highway trips is systematic because the error is likely to be consistent across all trips. For example, if the person recording the arrival times is consistently late, then all of the arrival times will be recorded as later than the true arrival times.

Question 14

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-The number of inches of rain in a month

Accepted Answer

The data described are quantitative because they consist of numerical measurements. They are at the ratio level of measurement because there is a true zero point (no rain), and ratios between measurements are meaningful. The data are continuous because the amount of rain can be measured to any level of precision.

Question 15

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-ZIP codes

Accepted Answer

ZIP codes are qualitative because they categorize locations and do not quantify anything. They are nominal as they do not have a natural order.

Question 16

Provide an appropriate response.
-A cook estimates thirds of a cup in a measuring cup marked in quarters. Identify the potential measurement
Error as random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-A cook estimates thirds...

Question 17

Provide an appropriate response.
-Select the measurement most likely to be subject to random error. 
1 - Measuring temperature with a digital thermometer
2 - Measuring temperature with a mercury thermometer
3 - Measuring a distance in yards by pacing
4 - Determining the number of pennies in bags by dividing the weights of the filled bags by the legally defined weight of a penny

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-Select the measurement most...

Question 18

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Average daily temperature on the Fahrenheit scale

Accepted Answer

The average daily temperature is quantitative because it is numerical. It is measured on an interval scale because there is no true zero point in the Fahrenheit scale, and it is continuous because temperature can take any value within a range.

Question 19

Provide an appropriate response.
-Identify the potential error in the copy work of a touch typist as random or systematic.

Accepted Answer

Systematic errors in touch typing occur due to consistent habits or mislearned keys, leading to repeated mistakes.

Question 20

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete.
-Soft drink sizes: small, medium, large

Accepted Answer

Soft drink sizes (small, medium, large) are qualitative because they describe categories without numerical values. They are ordinal because there is a natural order to the sizes.

Quiz 2: Measurement in Statistics

Provide an appropriate response. -A person is always late for class. Identify the potential error as random or systematic.

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Preference ratings: as in "Rate the item of most importance to you a 5 and that of least importance a 1"

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Order of finish of the NFL teams in the NFC Central division

Provide an appropriate response. -Totals are determined by rounding to tenths. Identify the potential error as random or systematic.

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Maximum daily temperature on the Kelvin scale

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Chapter numbers in a textbook

Provide an appropriate response. -Identify the error made by a "hunt and peck" typist as random or systematic.

Provide an appropriate response. -A computer uses voice recognition software. Identify the potential error as random or systematic.

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Intramural team classification: Green, Gold, Silver, Red, Blue, Orange

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Automobile battery ratings: "good", "better", "best"

Provide an appropriate response. -A digital scale reads 0.01 g when it is empty. Identify the potential error in the measurements made on this scale As random or systematic.

Provide an appropriate response. -Identify the potential error in recording arrival times for interstate highway trips as random or systematic.

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -The number of inches of rain in a month

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -ZIP codes

Provide an appropriate response. -A cook estimates thirds of a cup in a measuring cup marked in quarters. Identify the potential measurement Error as random or systematic.

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Average daily temperature on the Fahrenheit scale

Provide an appropriate response. -Identify the potential error in the copy work of a touch typist as random or systematic.

Determine whether the data described are qualitative or quantitative and give their level of measurement. If the data are quantitative, state whether they are continuous or discrete. -Soft drink sizes: small, medium, large