Question 1

The managers of a local golf course have recently conducted a study of the types of golf balls used by golfers based on handicap. A joint frequency table for the 100 golfers covered in the survey is shown below:  Based on these data, the probability of someone using a Strata ball and having a handicap under 2 is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The managers of a local golf course...

Question 2

The Anderson Lumber Company has three sawmills that produce boards of different lengths. The following table is a joint frequency distribution based on a random sample of 1,000 boards selected from the lumber inventory.  Based on these data, if a board is selected that is 12 feet long, the probability that it was made at sawmill A is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Anderson Lumber Company has three sawmills...

Question 3

If two events are independent, then

Accepted Answer

Two independent events are not necessarily mutually exclusive, their probabilities do not have to sum to one, and their intersection is not necessarily zero. Independence means the occurrence of one event does not affect the probability of the other.

Question 4

The results of a census of 2,500 employees of a mid-sized company with 401(k) retirement accounts are as follows:  Suppose researchers are going to sample employees from the company for further study. Based on the relative frequency assessment method, what is the probability that a randomly selected employee will be a male?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The results of a census of 2,500...

Question 5

In a survey, respondents were asked to indicate their favorite brand of cereal (Post or Kellogg's). They were allowed only one choice. What is the probability concept that implies it is not possible for a single respondent to state both Post and Kellogg's to be the favorite cereal?

Accepted Answer

The concept of mutually exclusive events implies that two events cannot happen at the same time. In this context, a respondent cannot choose both Post and Kellogg's as their favorite cereal simultaneously, making them mutually exclusive choices.

Question 6

What method of probability assessment would most likely be used to assess the probability that a major earthquake will occur in California in the next three years?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What method of probability assessment would most...

Question 7

A special roulette wheel, which has an equal number of red and black spots, has come up red four times in a row. Assuming that the roulette wheel is fair, what concept allows a player to know that the probability the next spin of the wheel will come up black is 0.5?

Accepted Answer

The concept of independent events means that the outcome of one event does not affect the outcome of another. In a fair roulette wheel, each spin is independent of the previous spins, so the probability of landing on black (or red) remains 0.5 regardless of previous outcomes.

Question 8

The managers of a local golf course have recently conducted a study of the types of golf balls used by golfers based on handicap. A joint frequency table for the 100 golfers covered in the survey is shown below:  If a player comes to the course using a Nike golf ball, the probability that he or she has a handicap of at least 10 is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The managers of a local golf course...

Question 9

Of the last 100 customers entering a computer shop, 25 have purchased a computer. If the classical probability assessment for computing probability is used, the probability that the next customer will purchase a computer is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the last 100 customers entering a...

Question 10

The Anderson Lumber Company has three sawmills that produce boards of different lengths. The following table is a joint frequency distribution based on a random sample of 1000 boards selected from the lumber inventory.  Based on these data, if three boards are selected at random, the probability that all three were made at sawmill A is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Anderson Lumber Company has three sawmills...

Question 11

Harrison Water Sports has three retail outlets: Seattle, Portland, and Phoenix. The Seattle store does 50 percent of the total sales in a year, while the Portland store does 35 percent of the total sales. Further analysis indicates that of the sales in Seattle, 20 percent are in boat accessories. The percentage of boat accessories at the Portland store is 30 and the percentage at the Phoenix store is 25. If a sales dollar is recorded as a boat accessory, the probability that the sale was made at the Portland store is:

Accepted Answer

To find the probability that a sale was made at the Portland store given that it was a boat accessory sale, we use the formula for conditional probability. First, calculate the total percentage of sales that are boat accessories across all stores. For Seattle: $50\% \times 20\% = 10\%$, for Portland: $35\% \times 30\% = 10.5\%$, and for Phoenix (which must do 15% of the total sales since Seattle does 50% and Portland does 35%, leaving 15% for Phoenix): $15\% \times 25\% = 3.75\%$. The total percentage of sales that are boat accessories is $10\% + 10.5\% + 3.75\% = 24.25\%$. The probability that a boat accessory sale was made at the Portland store is the percentage of boat accessory sales from Portland divided by the total percentage of boat accessory sales, which is $10.5\% / 24.25\% \approx 0.433$, or slightly greater than 0.43.

Question 12

What method of probability assessment would most likely be used to assess the probability that a customer will return a purchase for a refund?

Accepted Answer

Relative frequency is the most appropriate method for assessing the probability that a customer will return a purchase for a refund because it relies on historical data of similar events. This method uses the past occurrences of returns to predict future behavior, making it well-suited for this context.

Question 13

Students who live on campus and purchase a meal plan are randomly assigned to one of three dining halls: the Commons, Northeast, and Frazier. What is the probability that the next student to purchase a meal plan will be assigned to the Commons?

Accepted Answer

Since there are three dining halls and the assignment is random, the probability of being assigned to any one of them, including the Commons, is 1 out of 3, or 0.33.

Question 14

The managers of a local golf course have recently conducted a study of the types of golf balls used by golfers based on handicap. A joint frequency table for the 100 golfers covered in the survey is shown below: Based on these data, the probability that a player will use a Strata golf ball is:

Accepted Answer

The probability is calculated by dividing the number of golfers using Strata golf balls by the total number of golfers surveyed. If the joint frequency table indicates that 20 golfers use Strata balls, then the probability is 20/100 = 0.20.

Question 15

Long-time friends, Pat and Tom, agree on many things, but not the outcome of the American League pennant race and the World Series. Pat is originally from Boston, and Tom is from New York. They have a steak dinner bet on next year's race, with Pat betting on the Red Sox and Tom on the Yankees. Both are convinced they will win. What probability assessment technique is being used by the two friends?

Accepted Answer

The technique being used is subjective probability, as it is based on personal judgment or opinion rather than on objective calculation or empirical evidence. Pat and Tom are making predictions based on their personal biases and beliefs about their favorite teams.

Question 16

The Anderson Lumber Company has three sawmills that produce boards of different lengths. The following table is a joint frequency distribution based on a random sample of 1,000 boards selected from the lumber inventory. Based on these data, the probability of selecting a board from inventory that is 10 feet long is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Anderson Lumber Company has three sawmills...

Question 17

An inventory of appliances contains four white washers and one black washer. If a customer selects one at random, what is the probability that the black washer will be selected?

Accepted Answer

The total number of washers is 5 (4 white + 1 black). The probability of selecting the black washer is 1 out of 5, which is 0.2.

Question 18

The managers of a local golf course have recently conducted a study of the types of golf balls used by golfers based on handicap. A joint frequency table for the 100 golfers covered in the survey is shown below:  Based on these data, the probability of a golfer having a handicap less than 10 is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The managers of a local golf course...

Question 19

The managers of a local golf course have recently conducted a study of the types of golf balls used by golfers based on handicap. A joint frequency table for the 100 golfers covered in the survey is shown below:  Based on these data, if a player has a handicap that is 10 or more, the probability that he or she will use a Nike golf ball is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The managers of a local golf course...

Question 20

Harrison Water Sports has three retail outlets: Seattle, Portland, and Phoenix. The Seattle store does 50 percent of the total sales in a year, while the Portland store does 35 percent of the total sales. Further analysis indicates that of the sales in Seattle, 20 percent are in boat accessories. The percentage of boat accessories at the Portland store is 30 and the percentage at the Phoenix store is 25. Overall, the probability that a sale by Harrison Water Sports will be for a boat accessory is:

Accepted Answer

The overall probability is calculated by summing the weighted probabilities of each store's sales in boat accessories: (0.5 * 0.2) + (0.35 * 0.3) + (0.15 * 0.25) = 0.1 + 0.105 + 0.0375 = 0.2425.

Quiz 4: Introduction to Probability

If two events are independent, then

In a survey, respondents were asked to indicate their favorite brand of cereal (Post or Kellogg's) . They were allowed only one choice. What is the probability concept that implies it is not possible for a single respondent to state both Post and Kellogg's to be the favorite cereal?

What method of probability assessment would most likely be used to assess the probability that a major earthquake will occur in California in the next three years?

A special roulette wheel, which has an equal number of red and black spots, has come up red four times in a row. Assuming that the roulette wheel is fair, what concept allows a player to know that the probability the next spin of the wheel will come up black is 0.5?

Of the last 100 customers entering a computer shop, 25 have purchased a computer. If the classical probability assessment for computing probability is used, the probability that the next customer will purchase a computer is:

What method of probability assessment would most likely be used to assess the probability that a customer will return a purchase for a refund?

Students who live on campus and purchase a meal plan are randomly assigned to one of three dining halls: the Commons, Northeast, and Frazier. What is the probability that the next student to purchase a meal plan will be assigned to the Commons?

The managers of a local golf course have recently conducted a study of the types of golf balls used by golfers based on handicap. A joint frequency table for the 100 golfers covered in the survey is shown below: Based on these data, the probability that a player will use a Strata golf ball is:

An inventory of appliances contains four white washers and one black washer. If a customer selects one at random, what is the probability that the black washer will be selected?

The managers of a local golf course have recently conducted a study of the types of golf balls used by golfers based on handicap. A joint frequency table for the 100 golfers covered in the survey is shown below: Based on these data, the probability of a golfer having a handicap less than 10 is: