Participants in an Experiment by Miho Toi and Daniel Batson

Participants in an experiment by Miho Toi and Daniel Batson (1982) listened to an (alleged) radio interview in which Carol,a student in their Introductory Psychology class,described an accident that caused her to fall behind in the course.Some participants were encouraged to empathize with her,while others were encouraged to listen objectively to the interview.Some participants in each of these two groups were led to believe that Carol would be returning to their psychology course,while others were led to believe that she would finish out the term at home,so they would never see her.Toi and Batson found that when participants _______,their decision to help was guided by _______.

A) were shown a picture of Carol; social exchange concerns.
B) listened objectively; their own personal experiences.
C) listened objectively; social exchange concerns.
D) empathized with Carol; their own personal experiences,
E) empathized with Carol; social exchange concerns.