Tests for adverse reactions to a new drug yielded the results given in the table.The data will be analyzed to determine if they provide sufficient evidence to conclude that an association
Exists between the treatment (drug or placebo) and the reaction (whether or not headaches
Were experienced). $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Drug } & \text { Placebo } \
\hline \text { Headaches } & 11 & 7 \
\hline \text { No headaches } & 73 & 91 \
\hline
\end{array}$

$\chi ^ { 2 } = 1.798 ; \quad P$-value $= 0.1799$
A) Reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.
B) Do not reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the distribution of headaches is uniform for the drug and placebo.
C) Do not reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.
D) Reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.
E) Do not reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.

Question

Tests for adverse reactions to a new drug yielded the results given in the table.The data will be analyzed to determine if they provide sufficient evidence to conclude that an association
Exists between the treatment (drug or placebo) and the reaction (whether or not headaches
Were experienced). $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|}
\hline & \text { Drug } & \text { Placebo } \
\hline \text { Headaches } & 11 & 7 \
\hline \text { No headaches } & 73 & 91 \
\hline
\end{array}$

$\chi ^ { 2 } = 1.798 ; \quad P$-value $= 0.1799$
A) Reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.
B) Do not reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the distribution of headaches is uniform for the drug and placebo.
C) Do not reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.
D) Reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.
E) Do not reject the null hypothesis. Report that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that drug and headaches are dependent.

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Given the $P$-value of 0.1799, which is typically compared against a significance level (often 0.05), the fact that it is higher than 0.05 means there is insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis. Therefore, we cannot conclude that there is a dependency between the drug and headaches. This aligns with option C, which correctly states to not reject the null hypothesis and reports insufficient evidence to conclude dependency.

Tests for Adverse Reactions to a New Drug Yielded the Results