Question 1

Which depth cue would you miss the MOST if you were poked in the eye and had to wear an eye patch for a week?
A) shading
B) binocular disparity
C) motion parallax
D) accommodation

Accepted Answer

Binocular disparity relies on the slight differences between the images seen by each eye to gauge depth. Wearing an eye patch and losing the input from one eye would directly impact your ability to perceive depth through binocular disparity.

Question 2

Which statement BEST describes texture gradient that serves as a cue to depth?
A) Moisture and particles in the air scatter light, which makes objects appear increasingly hazy with distance.
B) The impressions created by stones in a dry riverbed are fairly regular in size and spacing, and the retinal image size of these equal-size features decreases as their distance increases.
C) The top and bottom edges of the train appear to converge and project a smaller retinal image as it recedes from an observer.
D) The objects and surfaces, near the point toward which you are driving, move outward slowly in your retinal image.

Accepted Answer

Texture gradient refers to the phenomenon where objects of the same size appear smaller as their distance from the observer increases, which is a cue to depth perception. This is illustrated in choice B, where the size and spacing of stones appear to change with distance.

Question 3

The dynamic monocular depth cues are:
A) familiar size, relative size, and linear perspective.
B) partial occlusion, relative height, and texture gradients.
C) motion parallax, optic flow, and deletion and accretion.
D) atmospheric perspective, shading, and cast shadows.

Accepted Answer

Motion parallax, optic flow, and deletion and accretion are dynamic cues because they involve movement or changes in perspective over time, which help in perceiving depth.

Question 4

_____ is a position-based depth cue. In scenes where one object partially hides another object, this indicates that the former is closer than the latter.
A) Linear perspective
B) Partial occlusion
C) Atmospheric perspective
D) Relative height

Accepted Answer

Partial occlusion is a depth cue where if one object obscures part of another object, it indicates that the obscuring object is closer to the viewer.

Question 5

The types of oculomotor depth cues are:
A) binocular disparity and motion parallax.
B) motion parallax, optic flow, and deletion and accretion.
C) accommodation and optic flow.
D) convergence and accommodation.

Accepted Answer

Oculomotor depth cues involve the use of muscles around the eye to gauge distance. Convergence refers to the inward movement of the eyes when focusing on nearby objects, and accommodation is the change in the shape of the lens to focus on objects at different distances. These are both oculomotor cues because they involve the movement and adjustment of the eye's internal structures.

Question 6

The oculomotor cues of accommodation and convergence provide information about depth based on information from the muscles that control the _____ and the _____.
A) shape of the lens; retinal image
B) shape of the lens; position of the eyes
C) size of the objects; position of the eyes
D) optic flow; position of the objects in the retinal image

Accepted Answer

The oculomotor cues of accommodation and convergence involve the muscles that control the shape of the lens (for focusing) and the position of the eyes (for aligning the eyes on an object), providing depth perception cues.

Question 7

The depth cue based on the slightly different retinal images in our two eyes is called:
A) binocular disparity.
B) motion parallax.
C) accommodation.
D) convergence.

Accepted Answer

Binocular disparity refers to the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes’ horizontal separation. The brain uses this disparity to gauge the distance to objects, making it a crucial depth cue for perceiving the three-dimensional structure of the world.

Question 8

The size-distance relation states that the father away a(n):
A) object is from an observer, the smaller is its retinal image.
B) object is from an observer, the larger is its retinal image.
C) familiar object is from an observer, the larger is its retinal image.
D) familiar object is from an observer, the more air the light must pass through the retinal image.

Accepted Answer

The size-distance relation, a key concept in perception, indicates that as an object moves further away from an observer, its image on the retina becomes smaller. This is a fundamental aspect of how humans perceive depth and distance.

Question 9

The oculomotor depth cue that involves adjusting the shape of the lens to focus an image sharply on the retina is called:
A) binocular disparity.
B) convergence.
C) accommodation.
D) optic flow.

Accepted Answer

Accommodation is the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina. This adjustment in lens shape is crucial for maintaining a clear image on the retina as the distance between the eye and the object changes.

Question 10

When the visual angle for a basketball is less than the visual angle for a baseball, then the:
A) basketball must be closer to the observer than the baseball.
B) basketball must be farther away from the observer than the baseball.
C) basketball and the baseball are located at the same distance from the observer.
D) basketball partially occulates a more distant baseball.

Accepted Answer

The visual angle of an object decreases as the distance between the object and the observer increases. Therefore, if the visual angle for a basketball is less than that for a baseball, it implies that the basketball is farther away from the observer than the baseball.

Question 11

Douglas looks at a large field of densely packed sunflowers. He notices that the heads of the sunflowers appear to get smaller the farther away they are from his eyes. The depth cue that Douglas perceives is called:
A) the texture gradient.
B) linear perspective.
C) familiar size.
D) relative size.

Accepted Answer

The texture gradient is a depth cue that refers to the way the texture of a surface appears to become denser and finer as distance from the observer increases. In the context of the sunflower field, the heads of the sunflowers appear smaller as they get farther away, illustrating the texture gradient effect.

Question 12

Accommodation provides depth information only for objects up to about _____ m away.
A) 2
B) 10
C) 5
D) 7

Accepted Answer

Accommodation, a cue for depth perception, is effective only for objects that are very close, typically up to about 2 meters away. Beyond this distance, the ability of the eye to adjust the lens to focus on objects does not provide reliable depth information.

Question 13

According to the relative height depth cue:
A) the farther away an object is from an observer, the smaller is its retinal image.
B) the retinal image size of two equal-size features decreases as their distance increases.
C) the lower the base of an object is in the retinal image, the closer the object is to an observer.
D) the higher the base of an object is in the retinal image, the closer the object is to an observer.

Accepted Answer

Relative height depth cue suggests that objects positioned lower in the visual field are perceived as closer to the observer.

Question 14

The position-based depth cues are:
A) binocular disparity and motion parallax.
B) convergence and accommodation.
C) deletion and accretion.
D) partial occlusion and relative height.

Accepted Answer

Partial occlusion and relative height are position-based depth cues that help in perceiving the relative distance of objects in a scene.

Question 15

Martha gazes out the window of a moving train. Billboards, telephone poles, and other objects near the railway track move past Martha very quickly, while objects in the distance move slowly. This illustrates the depth cue of:
A) deletion and accretion.
B) optic flow.
C) cast shadows.
D) motion parallax.

Accepted Answer

Motion parallax is the depth cue that explains why objects closer to the observer move faster across the visual field than objects that are further away. This is exactly what Martha experiences as she looks out of the train window.

Question 16

In the context of lighting in the retinal image, which statement explains that distant objects appear LESS distinct than nearby objects?
A) The farther away an object is, the less air the light must pass through to reach us, and the more that light can be scattered.
B) When the air is very clear and dry, less air passes through the light to reach us that makes objects appear increasingly hazy with distance.
C) The farther away an object is, the more air the light must pass through to reach us, and the more that light can be scattered.
D) As you move through the environment, more distant objects move more slowly across your retina than nearby objects, making it less distinct.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is C because as the distance between an observer and an object increases, the light reflecting off the object must travel through more air to reach the observer. This increased distance allows for more opportunities for the light to be scattered by particles in the air, which can blur or reduce the clarity of the image formed on the retina, making distant objects appear less distinct.

Question 17

In the context of dynamic cues, as a person moves through the environment, objects farther from the fixation point:
A) appear to move faster than objects nearer the fixation point.
B) appear to move slower than objects nearer the fixation point.
C) appear to move in the same direction as the observer, while objects nearer the fixation point appear to move in the opposite direction.
D) do not appear to move, while objects nearer the observer move in the same direction as the observer.

Accepted Answer

Objects farther from the fixation point appear to move slower than objects nearer the fixation point due to motion parallax, a depth cue that helps perceive depth by noting the relative speeds of objects moving across the visual field.

Question 18

The difference in the speed and direction with which objects appear to move in the retinal image as an observer moves within a scene provide the depth cue of:
A) motion parallax.
B) optic flow.
C) accretion.
D) linear perspective.

Accepted Answer

Motion parallax is a depth cue that involves objects at different distances moving at different speeds and in different directions on the retina as the observer moves through a scene.

Question 19

Larry and Theo are both 6 feet tall. Larry stands at 10 feet from an observer, and Theo stands at 15 feet from the observer. Here, Larry would produce a:
A) smaller visual angle than Theo would produce.
B) larger visual angle than Theo would produce.
C) same-size visual angle as Theo would produce.
D) smaller retinal image than Theo would produce.

Accepted Answer

The visual angle of an object, as seen by an observer, decreases as the distance from the object to the observer increases. Since Larry is closer to the observer than Theo, Larry will produce a larger visual angle.

Question 20

Cues that provide information about depth on the basis of the position of objects in the retinal image, the size of objects in the retinal image, and the effects of lighting in the retinal image are called _____ depth cues.
A) binocular
B) dynamic monocular
C) static monocular
D) oculomotor

Accepted Answer

Static monocular depth cues are visual information about depth that can be perceived with one eye. These cues include the position of objects in the retinal image, the size of objects (larger objects are perceived as closer), and the effects of lighting (shadows can give clues about the distance and shape of objects). These cues do not require movement or the use of both eyes, distinguishing them from dynamic monocular cues (which involve motion) and binocular cues (which involve both eyes). Oculomotor cues involve the sensation of the muscles controlling eye movement, which is not relevant to the question's focus on visual information from the retinal image.

Quiz 6: Perceiving Depth

Which depth cue would you miss the MOST if you were poked in the eye and had to wear an eye patch for a week?

Which statement BEST describes texture gradient that serves as a cue to depth?

The dynamic monocular depth cues are:

_____ is a position-based depth cue. In scenes where one object partially hides another object, this indicates that the former is closer than the latter.

The types of oculomotor depth cues are:

The oculomotor cues of accommodation and convergence provide information about depth based on information from the muscles that control the _ and the _.

The depth cue based on the slightly different retinal images in our two eyes is called:

The size-distance relation states that the father away a(n) :

The oculomotor depth cue that involves adjusting the shape of the lens to focus an image sharply on the retina is called:

When the visual angle for a basketball is less than the visual angle for a baseball, then the:

Douglas looks at a large field of densely packed sunflowers. He notices that the heads of the sunflowers appear to get smaller the farther away they are from his eyes. The depth cue that Douglas perceives is called:

Accommodation provides depth information only for objects up to about _____ m away.

According to the relative height depth cue:

The position-based depth cues are:

Martha gazes out the window of a moving train. Billboards, telephone poles, and other objects near the railway track move past Martha very quickly, while objects in the distance move slowly. This illustrates the depth cue of:

In the context of lighting in the retinal image, which statement explains that distant objects appear LESS distinct than nearby objects?

In the context of dynamic cues, as a person moves through the environment, objects farther from the fixation point:

The difference in the speed and direction with which objects appear to move in the retinal image as an observer moves within a scene provide the depth cue of:

Larry and Theo are both 6 feet tall. Larry stands at 10 feet from an observer, and Theo stands at 15 feet from the observer. Here, Larry would produce a:

Cues that provide information about depth on the basis of the position of objects in the retinal image, the size of objects in the retinal image, and the effects of lighting in the retinal image are called _____ depth cues.