The rule or principle that states that the electronic state with the greatest number of unpaired spins will have the lowest energy is called

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This is known as Hund's rule, which states that electrons prefer to occupy different orbitals in the same energy level with parallel spins rather than pairing up with opposite spins. This leads to the electronic state with the greatest number of unpaired spins having the lowest energy. The other options listed are principles or rules in quantum mechanics, but do not specifically refer to the relationship between unpaired spins and energy.

The Rule or Principle That States That the Electronic State