Question 1

While assessing the development of a nine-month-old infant, the nurse asks the mother if the child actively looks for toys when they are placed out of sight. The nurse is trying to determine whether the infant has developed:

Accepted Answer

The nurse is asking about whether the infant has developed object permanence, which is the concept that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight. This typically develops around 8-12 months of age. Transductive reasoning, conservation, and centration are all related to cognitive development but are not directly related to the concept of object permanence.

Question 2

A 10-year-old child has been struggling with his self-esteem. Which activity would best help this child have a positive resolution of Erikson's Industry versus Inferiority stage?

Accepted Answer

Encouraging the child to participate in boy scouts and earn badges would provide opportunities for the child to succeed and gain recognition for his accomplishments. This can lead to increased self-esteem and confidence in his abilities. Playing sports or completing homework may also boost self-esteem, but they may not provide the same level of recognition and sense of achievement as earning badges in a structured program like boy scouts. Allowing the child to babysit his younger siblings may be too much responsibility for him at this age and could potentially decrease his self-esteem if he feels overwhelmed or unable to handle the task.

Question 3

Two three-year-olds are playing in a hospital playroom together. One is working on a puzzle, while the other is stacking blocks. The mother of one of the children scolds them for not sharing their toys. The nurse counsels this mother that this is normal developmental behavior for this age, and the term for it is:

Accepted Answer

At the age of three, children engage in parallel play, where they play alongside each other but do not interact or share toys. This is a normal developmental behavior and not an indication of selfishness or a lack of social skills.

Question 4

A neonatal nurse who encourages parents to hold their baby and provides opportunities for kangaroo care most likely is demonstrating concern for which aspect of the infant's psychosocial development?

Accepted Answer

The neonatal nurse is demonstrating concern for the infant's attachment, which is a critical aspect of psychosocial development in early infancy. Kangaroo care, or skin-to-skin contact between the parent and infant, has been shown to promote attachment and bonding.

Question 5

Two 3-year-olds are playing in a hospital playroom together. One is working on a puzzle while the other is stacking blocks. The mother of one of the children scolds them for not sharing their toys. The nurse counsels this mother that this is normal developmental behavior for this age, and that the term for it is:

Accepted Answer

Parallel play is a common behavior in 3-year-olds where they play next to each other but don't directly interact or share toys. This is a normal developmental stage for children and helps them learn social skills and explore their own interests. Solitary play is when a child plays alone, associative play is when children interact with each other but don't necessarily share toys, and cooperative play is when children work together towards a common goal. However, these types of play are not typically seen in 3-year-olds.

Question 6

The mother of a six-year-old boy who has recently had surgery for the removal of his tonsils and adenoids complains that he has begun sucking his thumb again. The nurse caring for the child should assure the mother that this is a normal response for a child who has undergone surgery and that it is a coping mechanism that children sometimes use called:

Accepted Answer

Regression is a defense mechanism in which a person returns to an earlier or less mature stage of psychological development. This can occur during times of stress or anxiety, such as after surgery. Thumb-sucking is a common regression for young children and is a way for them to cope with the stress of the surgery. It is important for the nurse to reassure the mother that this behavior is normal and temporary. Repression, rationalization, and fantasy are not relevant to this situation.

Question 7

Utilizing Bronfenbrenner's ecologic theory of development, the nurse caring for a child would discuss the parents' work environment as part of an assessment of that child's:

Accepted Answer

The exosystem includes external settings that indirectly affect development, such as the parents' work environment. Therefore, in utilizing Bronfenbrenner's ecologic theory of development, the nurse caring for a child would discuss the parents' work environment as part of an assessment of that child's exosystem.

Question 8

The home health nurse is visiting a family at home when the toddler has an "accident" and has a bowel movement in his diaper. The mother becomes angry with the child and calls him a baby for messing himself. The nurse considers Erikson's theory and recognizes that the mother's behavior may have an effect on the child's:

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory, this situation relates to the stage of autonomy vs. shame and doubt. The mother's negative reaction to the toddler's natural bodily function may cause the child to develop a sense of shame and doubt about their ability to control their bodily functions, which can hinder their sense of independence.

Question 9

A 14-year-old with cystic fibrosis suddenly becomes noncompliant with the medication regimen. The intervention by the nurse that would most likely improve compliance would be to:

Accepted Answer

Peer support has been found to be an effective motivator for adherence to medication regimens in adolescents. Meeting with older teens who have successfully managed cystic fibrosis can provide the 14-year-old with practical advice and positive reinforcement for managing their condition properly. The other options could provide some short-term motivation but are less likely to result in sustained improvement in compliance.

Question 10

While being comforted in the emergency department, the six-year-old sibling of a pediatric trauma victim blurts out to the nurse, "It's all my fault! When we were fighting yesterday, I told him I wished he was dead!" The nurse, realizing that the child is experiencing magical thinking, should respond by:

Accepted Answer

The best way to respond to the child's statement is to reassure him that accidents happen and that he did not cause the injury. It is important to acknowledge the child's feelings and provide support while also correcting any misconceptions about causation. Option A may be helpful in calming the child, but does not address the underlying issue at hand. Option B may be an appropriate distraction technique, but does not specifically address the child's statement. Option D may be overwhelming for a young child and is not the most appropriate response in this situation.

Question 11

While trying to inform a five-year-old girl about what will occur during an upcoming CT scan, the nurse notices that the child is engaged in a collective monologue, talking about a new puppy. The nurse's best response would be:

Accepted Answer

The best response is to first acknowledge and engage with what the child is interested in (in this case, the new puppy) before gently redirecting the conversation back to the topic of the CT scan. This approach shows empathy and builds rapport, making the child more likely to listen and understand the information about the CT scan.

Question 12

The parents of a one-month-old infant are concerned that their baby seems different from their other child, and they ask the nurse if this is normal. The nurse informs them that it is normal for babies to have different temperaments and that according to the "temperament theory" of Chess and Thomas, one of the characteristics of the "slow-to-warm-up" child is that he:

Accepted Answer

According to the "temperament theory" of Chess and Thomas, the "slow-to-warm-up" child initially reacts to new situations by withdrawing.

Question 13

While in the pediatrician's office for their child's 12-month well-child exam, the parents ask the nurse for advice on age-appropriate toys for their child. Based on the child's developmental level, the nurse should suggest which types of toys?

Accepted Answer

The answer of While in the pediatrician's office for their...

Question 14

The clinic administrator has suggested that the nurse teach all children newly diagnosed with diabetes in a single class to save nursing time. The children recently diagnosed range in age from 6 to 15. The argument the nurse will use in to advocate for more than one group session would be based on:

Accepted Answer

Piaget's cognitive development theory states that the way a child learns varies with their age. The six-year-old learns by concrete examples, while the 15-year-old can think abstractly. Teaching all children in a single class may result in younger children not understanding abstract concepts that may be taught to the older children. Therefore, it is better to have separate groups based on age to cater to their cognitive abilities.

Question 15

A nurse is assessing language development in all the infants presenting at the physician's office for well-child visits. The nurse would want to evaluate the child further who is not able to verbalize the words "dada" and "mama" by the age of:

Accepted Answer

By 12 months, most infants can say simple words like "mama" and "dada." If a child cannot do this by 12 months, further evaluation may be needed.

Quiz 32: Growth and Development