The founder of the Classical School of Criminology is Cesare Beccaria, who applied the rationalist philosophy of the Enlightenment to the criminal justice system.
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Q9: Political liberals and encouraged reform of the
Q10: Attempts to reform prisons began in the
Q11: Until the late Middle Ages, prisons were
Q12: The purpose of punishment as a public
Q13: Banishment can best be described as punishment
Q15: Under the law of retaliation, lex talionis,
Q16: The period known as "the Enlightenment" brought
Q17: Major efforts began by the start of
Q18: The new industrialism brought about a shift
Q19: One of the major reasons England and
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