Question 1

In _____, the old technology and several different new technologies fight to establish a new technological standard or dominant design.
A)design substitution
B)modular management
C)design competition
D)technological lockout
E)incremental change

Accepted Answer

Design competition refers to a situation where there are several new technologies along with the old technology that are vying to establish a new standard or dominant design. This can create a competitive environment where different technologies are tested and compared to see which one will emerge as the preferred option.

Question 2

When significant improvements in performance can only be gained through radical new designs or new performance-enhancing materials, it is likely that a company is _____ in the S-curve pattern of innovation.
A)at its breakeven point
B)at the problem identification stage of the innovation cycle
C)at the end of the innovation cycle
D)at either the beginning f the innovation cycle
E)at the beginning of its maturity stage

Accepted Answer

When significant improvements in performance can only be gained through radical new designs or new performance-enhancing materials, it indicates that the company has exhausted all its possibilities of improvement and is now at the end of the innovation cycle. This means that the company has reached the peak of its S-curve of innovation, and further innovation may not be possible without a significant shift or disruption in the industry.

Question 3

Feldman Films is a company associated with photography. The development of the digital camera forced Feldman Films into the innovation stream because the new imaging process was a(n) _____.
A)technological subtraction
B)technological discontinuity
C)process obsolescence
D)process addition
E)example of design advantage

Accepted Answer

The development of the digital camera represents a technological discontinuity, which is when a new technology completely replaces the old one and disrupts the existing market. This forced Feldman Films to innovate and adapt to the new imaging process.

Question 4

When an automobile manufacturer learned that it took longer than any other manufacturer to assemble a vehicle, it purchased newer, more flexible manufacturing systems to replace its older ones. Which stage of the technology cycle is illustrated in the scenario?
A)Technological adaptation
B)The era of dominant design
C)The technological growth stage
D)Entropy
E)Discontinuous change

Accepted Answer

The scenario illustrates "Discontinuous change," where the manufacturer adopts new technology to significantly improve its processes, replacing older systems with newer, more efficient ones.

Question 5

Creativity was needed to improve efficiency without raising costs at an automobile maker. Over the last few years, the company has successfully implemented a creative engineering program that allows its plants to produce more than one type of car from the same assembly line. This successful change to a flexible manufacturing system is an example of ____.
A)corporate entropy
B)organizational innovation
C)assembly networking
D)organizational networking
E)reverse engineering

Accepted Answer

The successful implementation of a creative engineering program to improve efficiency without raising costs through the use of a flexible manufacturing system is an example of organizational innovation.

Question 6

_____ is defined as the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs.
A)Deskilling
B)Entropy
C)Synergy
D)Technology
E)Creativity

Accepted Answer

The definition provided matches the concept of technology, which includes the knowledge, tools, and techniques used in the transformation process. Deskilling refers to the process of simplification of tasks that reduces the need for skilled workers, entropy refers to the natural tendency of a system to decline into disorder, synergy refers to the combined effect of multiple elements that produce a result greater than the sum of their individual effects, and creativity refers to the ability to produce new and original ideas.

Question 7

Nearly all technology cycles follow the typical _____ pattern of innovation.
A)W­curve
B)​S­curve
C)contingency
D)lockout
E)bell­shaped

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nearly all technology cycles follow the typical...

Question 8

Organizational _____ is the successful implementation of creative ideas in organizations.
A)change
B)innovation
C)creativity
D)development
E)deployment

Accepted Answer

Innovation refers to the implementation of creative ideas in organizations. While change also involves implementing new ideas or methods, it does not necessarily require those ideas to be creative or innovative. Creativity and development are precursors to innovation but do not fully capture the successful implementation of those ideas in an organizational context. Deployment refers more to the process of rolling out an already established idea or plan. Therefore, B is the best choice as it specifically refers to the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organizational context.

Question 9

In the typical S-curve pattern of innovation, increased effort (i.e., money, research and development) brings only small improvements in technological performance _____.
A)early in the cycle
B)throughout the cycle
C)halfway through the cycle
D)at both the beginning and end of the cycle
E)in the maturity stage of the cycle

Accepted Answer

The S-curve pattern of innovation suggests that at both the beginning and end of the technology lifecycle, increased investment yields diminishing returns in performance improvements. Initially, the technology is immature and improvements are hard to come by. Later, as the technology matures and reaches its potential, further enhancements become increasingly difficult and costly.

Question 10

The development of the DVD player was a source of _____ to companies in the movie industry just as VHS tapes had once been.
A)a sustainable competitive advantage
B)creativity reengineering
C)technological discontinuity
D)planned shrinkage
E)reverse engineering

Accepted Answer

The development of the DVD player represents a technological discontinuity as it fundamentally changed the way movies were distributed and consumed, similar to the shift from VHS tapes to DVDs. This would have posed both opportunities and threats to companies in the movie industry. The other answer choices are not applicable to this situation.

Question 11

A technology cycle occurs whenever there are major advances or changes in the _____ in a field or discipline.
A)human, technical, and conceptual skills needed
B)structure or personnel requirements
C)internal resource environment
D)knowledge, tools, and techniques
E)way information is retrieved

Accepted Answer

A technology cycle refers to advances or changes in knowledge, tools, and techniques within a particular field or discipline. Choices A, B, C, and E do not adequately capture this concept.

Question 12

A technology _____ begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and dies as it is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology.
A)process
B)lockout
C)cycle
D)hierarchy
E)continuum

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe the birth, growth, and eventual death of a technology is a technology cycle. A cycle implies a process that begins and ends, making options A and D less suitable. "Lockout" and "continuum" do not relate to the life cycle of technology.

Question 13

During the last decade, there was an increase in sales in CDs, DVDs, pen drives, and portable hard discs, as people sought to replace their obsolete floppy discs. In terms of the technology cycle, this is an example of _____.
A)adaptive change
B)design iteration
C)discontinuous change
D)dominant design
E)innovative lockout

Accepted Answer

Discontinuous change refers to a significant shift in technology that makes the current technology obsolete. The increase in sales of CDs, DVDs, pen drives, and portable hard discs is due to the widespread acceptance and adoption of digital media, which rendered floppy discs obsolete. This is an example of discontinuous change in technology.

Question 14

Over the long run, the best way for a company to sustain competitive advantage is to create _____ year after year.
A)entropies
B)innovation maps
C)slack resources
D)​innovation streams
E)cognitive dissonances

Accepted Answer

Innovation streams refer to the consistent and continuous creation of new ideas and products which can sustain a company's competitive advantage over the long run. Entropies, innovation maps, slack resources, and cognitive dissonances do not directly relate to the sustained competitive advantage of a company.

Question 15

In terms of innovation streams, what occurred when customers purchased flat-screen computer monitors to replace the older, bulkier monitors?
A)Technological substitution
B)Technological expansion
C)Reengineering
D)Demarketing
E)Deskilling

Accepted Answer

Technological substitution occurred when customers replaced the older, bulkier monitors with flat-screen computer monitors since it involved replacing an older technology with a newer one.

Question 16

Parkline is a popular brand of formal wear. The company decided on a new marketing strategy that actually involved its target audience participating in the campaign. This included an online virtual reality game that was highly popular among the audience, bringing the brand mass attention. Following this, their sales skyrocketed. This is an example of _____.
A)corporate entropy
B)organizational innovation
C)assembly networking
D)organizational networking
E)reverse engineering

Accepted Answer

The company's decision to come up with a new marketing strategy that involved its target audience participating in the campaign is an example of organizational innovation. It shows that the company was able to innovate its marketing approach to gain mass attention and increase sales.

Question 17

In the typical S-curve pattern of innovation, small amounts of effort will result in significant increases in performance _____.
A)during the lockout stage of the cycle
B)at the midpoint of the cycle
C)only at the end of the cycle
D)throughout the cycle
E)only at the beginning of the cycle

Accepted Answer

The midpoint of the S-curve is where small amounts of effort result in the most significant increases in performance, as this is the point where the innovation is gaining momentum and moving towards widespread adoption. At the beginning of the cycle, there may be resistance or uncertainty about the new technology, and at the end of the cycle, the technology may be reaching its maximum potential with diminishing returns for additional effort. The lockout stage refers to a point where existing technologies or processes prevent innovation from gaining traction, so it is not relevant to the question.

Question 18

____ is the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition.
A)Technological adaptation
B)Technological lockout
C)The technological growth stage
D)Change substitution
E)Discontinuous change

Accepted Answer

Discontinuous change is the phase in a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition, where significant breakthroughs lead to the development of new products or services, disrupting existing markets and displacing established technologies.

Question 19

Stellar Mobiles was a popular mobile phone brand. However, when its competitors began switching to smartphones, Stellar realized that it too needed to change in order to survive in the market, and it quickly started developing smartphones. In other words, Stellar Mobiles entered the _____ stage of the technology cycle.
A)technological entropy
B)decline
C)the technological maturity stage
D)change substitution
E)discontinuous change

Accepted Answer

Stellar Mobiles entering the smartphone market in response to competitors and market evolution exemplifies a discontinuous change, where a significant shift in technology or processes occurs, leading to a new way of doing things or creating products.

Question 20

_____ occurs when customers purchase new technologies to replace older technologies.
A)Technological substitution
B)Entropy
C)Incremental environmental change
D)Organizational synergy
E)Transition management

Accepted Answer

Technological substitution refers to the process of replacing old technologies with new ones. This can occur as a result of advancements in technology, changes in consumer preferences and increased competition. It can have significant impacts on industries and markets as companies must adapt to new technologies or risk becoming obsolete.

Quiz 7: Innovation and Change

In _____, the old technology and several different new technologies fight to establish a new technological standard or dominant design.

When significant improvements in performance can only be gained through radical new designs or new performance-enhancing materials, it is likely that a company is _____ in the S-curve pattern of innovation.

Feldman Films is a company associated with photography. The development of the digital camera forced Feldman Films into the innovation stream because the new imaging process was a(n) _____.

When an automobile manufacturer learned that it took longer than any other manufacturer to assemble a vehicle, it purchased newer, more flexible manufacturing systems to replace its older ones. Which stage of the technology cycle is illustrated in the scenario?

_____ is defined as the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs.

Nearly all technology cycles follow the typical _____ pattern of innovation.

Organizational _____ is the successful implementation of creative ideas in organizations.

In the typical S-curve pattern of innovation, increased effort (i.e., money, research and development) brings only small improvements in technological performance _____.

The development of the DVD player was a source of _____ to companies in the movie industry just as VHS tapes had once been.

A technology cycle occurs whenever there are major advances or changes in the _____ in a field or discipline.

A technology _____ begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and dies as it is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology.

During the last decade, there was an increase in sales in CDs, DVDs, pen drives, and portable hard discs, as people sought to replace their obsolete floppy discs. In terms of the technology cycle, this is an example of _____.

Over the long run, the best way for a company to sustain competitive advantage is to create _____ year after year.

In terms of innovation streams, what occurred when customers purchased flat-screen computer monitors to replace the older, bulkier monitors?

In the typical S-curve pattern of innovation, small amounts of effort will result in significant increases in performance _____.

____ is the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition.

_____ occurs when customers purchase new technologies to replace older technologies.