Question 1

Individuals with psychological hardiness view stressors as opportunities for growth.

Accepted Answer

Psychological hardiness refers to the ability to see stressful situations as opportunities for personal growth and development. Therefore, individuals with psychological hardiness view stressors as opportunities for growth.

Question 2

Women and men experience stress differently.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men and women tend to experience stress differently, with women being more likely to report feelings of anxiety and depression, and men being more likely to exhibit physical symptoms such as headaches and digestive issues. Additionally, women are more likely to seek social support when stressed, while men may withdraw or engage in solitary activities.

Question 3

The physical response to a stressor has little variance in intensity from person to person.

Accepted Answer

The physical response to a stressor can vary in intensity from person to person, depending on individual factors such as genetics, past experiences, and current physical and mental health.

Question 4

The stress response in the human being is triggered by a nonspecific agent called a stressor.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The stress response is a physiological and psychological reaction to a stressor, which can be any stimulus that our body perceives as a threat or demand. The stress response prepares the body to fight or flee the stressor by releasing hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. This response is not specific to any particular stressor; it occurs in response to any perceived threat, whether it is physical, emotional, or psychological in nature.

Question 5

A stressful situation would be one an individual perceives as exceeding her ability to cope.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of a stressful situation according to the Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of Stress and Coping.

Question 6

The physical response to taking a final exam varies in intensity from student to student.

Accepted Answer

The physical response to taking a final exam can vary greatly from student to student. Some may experience high levels of stress and anxiety, while others may feel more calm and confident. Factors such as preparation, personal experiences, and individual differences in coping strategies can all influence the physical response to taking a final exam.

Question 7

Responses to stressors include physical and emotional behavioural responses.

Accepted Answer

This is true, as the body's response to stress can involve physical reactions such as increased heart rate and sweating, as well as emotional responses like anxiety and fear.

Question 8

The fight-or-flight response prepares the body for physical action regardless of whether action is needed.

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response triggers the release of hormones like adrenaline that increase heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, preparing the body for physical action in response to a perceived threat or danger. However, if physical action is not actually needed, the body still undergoes these physiological changes.

Question 9

Laughing is an effective behavioural response to stress.

Accepted Answer

Laughing can help to reduce stress by releasing endorphins, decreasing muscle tension, and increasing oxygen intake. It can also help to shift one's perspective and provide a sense of relief and relaxation.

Question 10

Type B personalities tend to be schedule driven, competitive, and even hostile.

Accepted Answer

Type B personalities are typically described as being laid-back, relaxed, and less competitive compared to Type A personalities. They are characterized as being more easy-going and less likely to be hostile.

Question 11

Homeostasis is the body's state of normalcy.

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. This is often referred to as the body's state of normalcy.

Question 12

The three basic types of resiliency center on how individuals respond to stress.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true, as the three basic types of resiliency (emotional, behavioral, and cognitive) relate to how individuals handle stress and adversity.

Question 13

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system initiates the stress response.

Accepted Answer

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system actually counteracts the stress response and promotes relaxation. It is the sympathetic division that initiates the stress response.

Question 14

Endorphins are body-produced chemicals that relieve pain in case of injury.

Accepted Answer

Endorphins are indeed body-produced chemicals that help in relieving pain in case of injury.

Question 15

People with Type C personalities tend to have no difficulty expressing emotion.

Accepted Answer

People with Type C personalities are known to suppress emotions and have difficulty expressing them.

Question 16

Distress is linked with positive stressors.

Accepted Answer

Distress is linked with negative stressors, not positive ones. Positive stressors can result in eustress.

Question 17

The somatic nervous system is largely under conscious control.

Accepted Answer

The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary muscle movement and is therefore largely under conscious control.

Question 18

A stressful situation would be one an individual perceives as challenging.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A stressful situation would be one an...

Question 19

Ineffective behavioural responses to stressors may include talking or laughing.

Accepted Answer

Ineffective behavioural responses to stressors include behaviours such as avoidance, substance abuse, procrastination, and overeating. Talking or laughing can be effective coping mechanisms in certain situations.

Question 20

The ability to trust others is an effective coping behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Trusting others can lead to positive relationships and social support, which can be helpful in coping with stress and difficult situations. However, it is important to be cautious and discerning in who we trust and to set appropriate boundaries.

Quiz 3: Stress: the Constant Challenge