Question 1

In the United States, what is the most up-to-date, prevailing diagnostic guide for mental health professionals?

Accepted Answer

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is currently the most up-to-date, prevailing diagnostic guide for mental health professionals in the United States. The 5th edition was published in 2013 and is widely used by clinicians to diagnose mental health disorders. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is also used for diagnostic purposes, but the 10th edition is not as widely used in the United States as the DSM. There is no 6th edition of the DSM, and the 9th edition of the ICD is outdated for current diagnostic practices in the United States.

Question 2

DSM-III ______.

Accepted Answer

DSM-III was significantly longer in length than DSM-II, reflecting a more detailed and expansive approach to categorizing mental disorders, moving away from the psychoanalytic focus of earlier editions.

Question 3

During the late 1800s and early 1900s, the primary purpose of diagnostic categories was ______.

Accepted Answer

During the late 1800s and early 1900s, the primary purpose of diagnostic categories was the collection of statistical and census data for use in the burgeoning fields of psychiatry and mental health. This data was used to help identify patterns of mental illness, understand prevalence rates, and develop new treatments for mental health conditions.

Question 4

The DSM is primarily authored by ______.

Accepted Answer

The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) is primarily authored by psychiatrists. It is a manual used for the diagnosis of mental health disorders and is widely utilized by mental health professionals, including psychologists, counselors, and social workers. However, the primary authors of the manual are psychiatrists who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders.

Question 5

DSM-I and DSM-II ______.

Accepted Answer

Both DSM-I and DSM-II were heavily influenced by psychoanalytic theory and focused on categorizing mental disorders based on their underlying psychodynamic processes. They did not use specific symptom criteria and were not particularly generalizable or clinically useful.

Question 6

According to the harmful dysfunction theory of mental disorders, when we try to determine what is abnormal, we should consider ______.

Accepted Answer

The harmful dysfunction theory of mental disorders suggests that abnormal behavior should be determined by considering both scientific/evolutionary data and social values that provide context for the behavior. This theory states that a mental disorder is a harmful dysfunction that is not typical of the individual's culture, causes distress or impairment, and is a result of a failure of mental mechanisms to perform their natural function. Therefore, both scientific evidence and social values are taken into account when determining abnormal behavior.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a part of DSM-5's definition of a mental disorder?

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 does not include a specific percentage to define a mental disorder. The other options are included in the DSM-5's definition of a mental disorder.

Question 8

The DSM reflects a medical model of psychopathology. This means that ______.

Accepted Answer

The DSM reflects a medical model of psychopathology in which mental disorders are defined categorically and feature a list of specific symptoms. This model does not assume that mental disorders are caused by medical disorders in other parts of the body, nor does it imply that medication is the only acceptable form of treatment or that psychotherapy is inferior to medication.

Question 9

The first edition of the DSM contained only three broad categories ______.

Accepted Answer

The first edition of the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), published in 1952, categorized mental disorders into only three broad categories: psychoses, neuroses, and character disorders.

Question 10

DSM-III differed from its predecessors in all of the following significant ways EXCEPT that it ______.

Accepted Answer

DSM-III actually moved away from psychoanalytic and humanistic perspectives and instead relied on observable symptoms and behavior to define disorders.

Question 11

Disorders such as attenuated psychosis syndrome are not official diagnoses and are listed as ______ in DSM-5.

Accepted Answer

In DSM-5, disorders like attenuated psychosis syndrome are listed under "proposed criteria sets," which are conditions that require further research before they can be considered official diagnoses.

Question 12

Emil Kraepelin was a pioneer of the diagnosis of mental disorders. Among the categories he identified were ______, which is similar to the current label of bipolar disorder, and ______, which is similar to the current label of schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

Emil Kraepelin identified manic-depressive psychosis as a category, which is similar to the current label of bipolar disorder. He also identified dementia praecox as a category, which is similar to the current label of schizophrenia.

Question 13

The first edition of the DSM was published in ______.

Accepted Answer

The first edition of the DSM, which stands for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, was published in 1952.

Question 14

Hippocrates identified an imbalance in ______ as the source of abnormality.

Accepted Answer

Hippocrates believed that an imbalance in bodily fluids, or "humors" (blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile), was the source of abnormality or illness. This theory, known as humorism, dominated Western medicine for centuries.

Question 15

Jerome Wakefield is the creator of the theory of ______.

Accepted Answer

Jerome Wakefield is the creator of the theory of harmful dysfunction, which argues that a mental disorder must involve both harm and dysfunction in order to be considered a true disorder.

Question 16

DSM-III was published in ______.

Accepted Answer

DSM-III was published in 1980.

Question 17

All editions of the DSM have been published by the ______.

Accepted Answer

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) has published all editions of the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders).

Question 18

In the mid-1900s, ______ developed a classification system to treat World War II soldiers that had a significant influence on the creation of the first DSM.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Army and Veterans' Administration developed a classification system during World War II to treat soldiers, which had a significant influence on the creation of the first DSM.

Question 19

Attenuated psychosis syndrome ______.

Accepted Answer

Attenuated psychosis syndrome is listed as a proposed criteria set in the "Emerging Measures and Models" section of the current DSM-5. This means that it is not an official disorder, but rather an area of research interest for potential inclusion in future updates of the DSM.

Question 20

DSM-5 contains a list of "unofficial" disorders that are not yet diagnosable. In what section of DSM-5 are these proposed disorders listed?

Accepted Answer

The "Emerging Measures and Models" section of the DSM-5 includes conditions that are considered for future research and are not officially diagnosable disorders yet. This section is intended for disorders that require further study before they can be fully recognized.

Quiz 7: Diagnosis and Classification Issues: Dsm-5 and More