Question 1

At the Yalta Conference, what was Stalin promised in exchange for the Soviet Union entering the war against Japan?
A) Significant influence over China as long as he did not intervene in Hong Kong.
B) Preeminent interests in Manchuria as long as he agreed not to assist Communist China.
C) A division of the interests in the breakup of the Japanese Empire.
D) Sakhalin Island north of Japan, on the Kamchatka peninsula.
E) Re-extension of Soviet placement in Port Arthur on the Korean peninsula with a promise to remain out of the Chinese Civil War.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At the Yalta Conference, what was Stalin...

Question 2

According to the concept of ____, the best way to avoid nuclear war between the superpowers was if each side maintained a roughly equal military.
A) containment
B) equivalence
C) peaceful coexistence
D) détente
E) nonalignment

Accepted Answer

The concept of equivalence advocated for maintaining a balance of power between the superpowers, specifically in terms of military strength, to prevent either side from feeling the need to launch a nuclear attack out of fear of falling behind in the arms race. This idea was central to the nuclear arms race between the United States and Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Question 3

Who referred to the Soviet Union as the "Evil Empire"?
A) Ronald Reagan
B) Douglas MacArthur
C) Harry Truman
D) Lyndon Johnson
E) Jimmy Carter.

Accepted Answer

Ronald Reagan famously referred to the Soviet Union as the "Evil Empire" in a speech to the National Association of Evangelicals in 1983.

Question 4

In ______, the left wing revolutionary Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista.
A) 1945
B) 1952
C) 1959
D) 1961
E) 1968

Accepted Answer

Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959.

Question 5

What was the status of the relationship between the Soviet Union and Mao Zedong's China in the 1950s and 1960s?
A) It remained unchanged.
B) It was altered by the Soviet Union's increased interest in increasing world tensions, especially with the militarily dangerous United Nations.
C) It was weakened by Mao Zedong's belief that, after Stalin's death, Mao's status as the most experienced Marxist ruler should make him the leading socialist.
D) It was destroyed by Mao's threat to occupy southeastern Siberia if the Soviet government continued to make, test, and store nuclear weapons there.
E) It improved because of a joint fear of the United States' ambitions in South Asia.

Accepted Answer

Mao believed that, after Stalin's death, he should be the leading socialist in the world, which led to tension between the Soviet Union and China. This eventually led to a split between the two countries and the emergence of two separate communist blocs.

Question 6

The Sino-Soviet dispute
A) was rooted in a struggle between the Chinese and the Soviets for control of Tibet.
B) was aggravated by the lack of Soviet support for Chinese efforts to reclaim Taiwan.
C) bore no relationship to the level of Soviet economic assistance to China.
D) saw Mao describe China as the international leader of industrialized nations.
E) produced a Soviet invasion of China in 1965.

Accepted Answer

The Sino-Soviet dispute was aggravated by the lack of Soviet support for Chinese efforts to reclaim Taiwan. The underlying issues behind the dispute were ideological differences, territorial disputes, and China's growing self-confidence as a world power. The dispute was not rooted in a struggle for control of Tibet, did not bear no relationship to the level of Soviet economic assistance to China, did not see Mao describe China as the international leader of industrialized nations, and did not produce a Soviet invasion of China in 1965.

Question 7

What was true of the Diem regime in Vietnam?
A) It would win the Vietnam War.
B) It was the reason for the Tet Offensive.
C) It was supported by Chinese officials.
D) It was supported with military training and troops by the U.S.
E) It was overthrown by U.S. military officials with President Kennedy's approval.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was true of the Diem regime...

Question 8

Tito's argument about Yugoslavia being part of the buffer zone between East and West was
A) that he retained Yugoslavian nationalism at all costs.
B) he rejected Communism entirely and moved towards democracy.
C) the Communist Party in Yugoslavia rejected Stalinism, not Communism.
D) "Socialism in one Nation" was a working mantra.
E) Yugoslavia was dependent on western political ideas as part of their inclusion in NATO.

Accepted Answer

Tito's argument was that Yugoslavia's rejection of Stalinism allowed for a unique brand of Communism that was independent of Soviet influence. This rejection of Stalinism did not mean a rejection of Communism as a whole, which is why the party continued to rule Yugoslavia. Therefore, choice C is the best answer.

Question 9

Lyndon Johnson sent more American troops to South Vietnam because
A) he wanted to stop the South Vietnamese policy of giving free land to the peasants.
B) he believed that the combined forces of the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese army would have taken over all of Vietnam if he hadn't.
C) he wanted to conquer all of Vietnam.
D) he planned to establish Vietnam as a staging point for an American military onslaught into China.
E) he viewed all of Vietnam as the perfect target for a final Cold War nuclear confrontation.

Accepted Answer

Lyndon Johnson believed that if he didn't send more American troops to South Vietnam, the combined forces of the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese army would have taken over all of Vietnam. This was a major concern for the US at the time and led to the escalation of the Vietnam War.

Question 10

The leader who sought to prevent Soviet economic collapse and helped bring about the end of the Cold War was
A) Richard Nixon
B) Harry Truman
C) Ronald Reagan
D) Nikita Khrushchev
E) Mikhail Gorbachev

Accepted Answer

Mikhail Gorbachev was the leader of the Soviet Union who sought to prevent economic collapse through his policies of perestroika and glasnost. These reforms led to greater political freedoms, including the loosening of government control over the economy and the media, which ultimately contributed to the end of the Cold War.

Question 11

As a result of the American opening to China,
A) joint pressure was applied to ease Indian troops out of Sri Lanka.
B) the two sides agreed to set aside their differences over Taiwan.
C) the Chinese and Americans officially broke relations with the Soviet Union.
D) the United States rejected the concept of the reunification of Taiwan with the mainland.
E) cooperation between America and China, for the purpose of curtailing Soviet Asian encroachment, disappeared.

Accepted Answer

With the American opening to China, the two sides agreed to set aside their differences over Taiwan, which was a significant breakthrough in their relationship.

Question 12

In East Germany ​
A) Communist repression was nonexistent.
B) huge influxes of people from the West occurred in the 1980s.
C) the Christian Democrats achieved little electoral success in 1990.
D) the fall of Communism resulted in political reunification with West Germany in 1990.
E) there was great fear and loathing in Germany at the prospect of German unification.

Accepted Answer

The fall of Communism in East Germany resulted in political reunification with West Germany in 1990. Option A is incorrect as Communist repression was rampant in East Germany. Option B is incorrect as there were more people leaving East Germany for the West than coming in. Option C is incorrect as the Christian Democrats had significant success in the 1990 elections. Option E is incorrect as there was a general desire for German reunification, despite some concerns and challenges.

Question 13

The 1975 agreement that recognized all central and eastern European borders that had been established since the end of World War II, and committed the signers to the human rights of its citizens, was the
A) Stuttgart Memorandum.
B) Geneva Settlement.
C) Helsinki Accord.
D) Vienna Accord.
E) Tashkent Pact.

Accepted Answer

The 1975 agreement that recognized all central and eastern European borders that had been established since the end of World War II, and committed the signers to the human rights of its citizens, was the Helsinki Accord. The accord was signed in Helsinki, Finland, by 35 nations including the US and Soviet Union.

Question 14

The expression "new world order" refers to the optimistic hopes and expectations that resulted from the end of
A) World War II.
B) The Second Vietnam War.
C) the Second Vietnam War.
D) the Cold War.
E) Star Wars.

Accepted Answer

The term "new world order" was popularized after the end of the Cold War as the world looked towards a new era of global cooperation and peace. The other options are not related to the historical context of the term.

Question 15

Lech Walesa was the leader of the
A) Committee on Government Security.
B) Twentieth Congress.
C) Solidarity movement.
D) Politburo.
E) Charter 77.

Accepted Answer

Lech Walesa was the leader of the Solidarity movement, a Polish trade union that played a key role in the downfall of communism in Eastern Europe.

Question 16

The Soviet leader who made the first moves toward easing the Cold War and improving relations with the West was
A) Nikita Khrushchev.
B) Leonid Brezhnev.
C) Georgy Malenkov.
D) Josef Stalin.
E) Mikhail Gorbachev.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Soviet leader who made the first...

Question 17

After a peace treaty was signed in Paris in 1973 to end the Second Indochinese War,
A) President Johnson decided to escalate the fighting in nearby Laos.
B) North and South Vietnam settled their differences peacefully.
C) America took control of all of Vietnam.
D) negotiations between North and South Vietnam broke down, and two years later, the North defeated the South.
E) the United States elected Richard Nixon to be its new president.

Accepted Answer

Although a peace treaty was signed, negotiations broke down between North and South Vietnam, and two years later in 1975, the North defeated the South. The other options presented are either incorrect or not directly related to the end of the Second Indochinese War.

Question 18

The Soviet response to the western alliance in NATO was to form
A) the Warsaw Pact.
B) the Marshall Zhukov Plan.
C) The Budpest Protocol..
D) The Helsinki Accords.
E) Sino-Soviet Pact.

Accepted Answer

The Soviet response to the establishment of NATO by the western alliance was the creation of the Warsaw Pact in 1955. This was a military alliance between the Soviet Union and its satellite states in Eastern Europe, designed to counter the perceived threat from NATO.

Question 19

Who took the first steps to opening the door with China and ending its long isolation from the West?
A) Hubert Humphrey and Lyndon Johnson
B) John F. Kennedy and John Foster Dulles
C) Dwight Eisenhower and Dean Rusk
D) Harry Truman and Dean Acheson
E) Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger

Accepted Answer

Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger were the ones who took the first steps to opening the door with China and ending its long isolation from the West by initiating diplomatic contact and visiting China in 1972.

Question 20

In 1972, the United States and Soviet Union
A) reached an agreement in the Helsinki Accords.
B) brought the world to the brink of nuclear war in Cuba.
C) struggled to be victorious in Vietnam
D) faced off in Afghanistan.
E) signed the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1972, the United States and Soviet...

Quiz 26: East and West in the Grip of the Cold War

At the Yalta Conference, what was Stalin promised in exchange for the Soviet Union entering the war against Japan?

According to the concept of ____, the best way to avoid nuclear war between the superpowers was if each side maintained a roughly equal military.

Who referred to the Soviet Union as the "Evil Empire"?

In ______, the left wing revolutionary Fidel Castro overthrew the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista.

What was the status of the relationship between the Soviet Union and Mao Zedong's China in the 1950s and 1960s?

The Sino-Soviet dispute

What was true of the Diem regime in Vietnam?

Tito's argument about Yugoslavia being part of the buffer zone between East and West was

Lyndon Johnson sent more American troops to South Vietnam because

The leader who sought to prevent Soviet economic collapse and helped bring about the end of the Cold War was

As a result of the American opening to China,

In East Germany ​

The 1975 agreement that recognized all central and eastern European borders that had been established since the end of World War II, and committed the signers to the human rights of its citizens, was the

The expression "new world order" refers to the optimistic hopes and expectations that resulted from the end of

Lech Walesa was the leader of the

The Soviet leader who made the first moves toward easing the Cold War and improving relations with the West was

After a peace treaty was signed in Paris in 1973 to end the Second Indochinese War,

The Soviet response to the western alliance in NATO was to form

Who took the first steps to opening the door with China and ending its long isolation from the West?

In 1972, the United States and Soviet Union

In East Germany