Question 1

The nurse anticipates that drug therapy for an acute severe attack of multiple sclerosis (MS)will be:

Accepted Answer

IV methylprednisolone is the standard treatment for the severe acute attack of MS.Interferon is used to prevent attacks.

Question 2

The nurse is aware that the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS)is based on:

Accepted Answer

Diagnosis is almost completely reliant on signs and symptoms demonstrated by the patient.Other diagnostic tests will likely be performed in order to confirm the diagnosis.

Question 3

The technical or vocational nurse agrees that an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a person with Parkinson's disease would be:

Accepted Answer

Rigidity and impaired balance with the propulsive gait create a risk for falls.The tremor decreases with voluntary movement,making eating relatively trouble free.Drooling is not a threat for aspiration,and there is no characteristic nausea.

Question 4

The nurse is explaining Parkinson's disease to the student nurse.Which statement by the nurse is correct regarding the pathophysiology of the disease?

Accepted Answer

The specific cause of Parkinson's disease is unknown,but the basic pathophysiology is depletion of dopamine and excess of acetylcholine.

Question 5

The nurse explains that multiple sclerosis (MS)is most likely caused by:

Accepted Answer

The actual cause of MS is unknown,but it is believed to be related to environmental factors,such as bacteria,a virus,or a chemical and genetic predisposition.

Question 6

The nurse encourages the patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)that his disease appears to be the most common type,which is:

Accepted Answer

Relapsing-remitting is the most common type of MS.

Question 7

The nurse is preparing a care plan for a person with late-stage Parkinson's disease.What complications should the nurse plan interventions to address? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations are not part of the late Parkinson's disease symptoms.

Question 8

A patient with multiple sclerosis is seen by the home health nurse and complains of severe fatigue.What is the best suggestion by the nurse to help diminish the effects of fatigue?

Accepted Answer

Scheduling and observing rest periods during the day will reduce fatigue.Heat increases sense of fatigue.Muscular problems are associated with ineffective impulse transmission rather than muscle weakness related to nutritional deficiency.

Question 9

The patient with myasthenia gravis asks the nurse if she will be able to use the computer for her job.Which symptom will most affect the patient's ability to use the computer?

Accepted Answer

Ptosis,dysphagia,and aphasia are all symptoms associated with myasthenia gravis,but diplopia,or double vision,will cause the patient the most difficulty with using a computer.

Question 10

The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with myasthenia gravis.Which symptom would the nurse expect to assess?

Accepted Answer

Ptosis is a sign of myasthenia gravis.

Question 11

The caregiver of a patient with Parkinson's disease is concerned with the patient's recent weight loss.What suggestion by the home health nurse will be most helpful to the caregiver in enhancing the patient's nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Mini-meals can be eaten before food cools since it takes longer for the patient with Parkinson's to eat.Large meals are overwhelming and may become unappetizing before they can be consumed.Reduced fluid and increased dairy products increase the threat of constipation.

Question 12

The nurse is planning care for a patient with Parkinson's disease.Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for the patient experiencing bradykinesia?

Accepted Answer

Bradykinesia is a condition that is associated with Parkinson's disease,characterized by slow movement and speech which produces poor body balance,a characteristic shuffling gait,and difficulty initiating movement.This condition places the patient at risk for falling.

Question 13

To enhance more erect posture in the patient with Parkinson's disease,the nurse would encourage the patient to practice which activity?

Accepted Answer

Sleeping in the prone position without a pillow will help to improve erect posture.

Question 14

The nurse is educating the family of a patient in the late stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).What teaching point is most important for the nurse to include?

Accepted Answer

Whereas the ability to move the upper limbs will likely be affected by the disease,it is important for families to remember that the patient's cognitive and mental capacity stays intact as the motor activity rapidly declines.Breathing and swallowing are often significantly affected by ALS.

Question 15

The home care nurse is visiting a patient in the late stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Which statement by the patient indicates the acceptance of grief from the condition and prognosis?

Accepted Answer

Planning with family signals acceptance.Crying,joking,and sleeping are efforts at denial.

Question 16

The person who has Huntington's disease asks if his disease will affect children he might have.Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

Huntington's disease has an autosomal link and can be passed on to 50% of the children of a person with the disease.

Question 17

The nurse is assessing a patient with Parkinson's disease.What does the nurse anticipate to assess in regard to tremors?

Accepted Answer

The tremor decreases on voluntary movement,is absent during sleep,and occurs when the body is at rest.The muscle activity is that of "pill rolling."

Question 18

The nurse is aware that the signs and symptoms of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)occur following a virus infection at about _____ days postinfection.

Accepted Answer

GBS symptoms occur 10 to 21 days after viral infection.

Question 19

The home health nurse assesses the patient with Parkinson's disease who has just been placed on carbidopa-levodopa.What side effects should the nurse be alert for when assessing this patient? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Hematuria is not a side effect,although the urine does turn dark.

Question 20

The home health nurse caring for a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)is planning an exercise program with the patient.Which is the best type of exercise for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Swimming is less tiring than other forms of exercise.

Quiz 25: Care of Patients With Peripheral Nerve and Degenerative Neurologic Disorders

The nurse anticipates that drug therapy for an acute severe attack of multiple sclerosis (MS) will be:

The nurse is aware that the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is based on:

The technical or vocational nurse agrees that an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a person with Parkinson's disease would be:

The nurse is explaining Parkinson's disease to the student nurse.Which statement by the nurse is correct regarding the pathophysiology of the disease?

The nurse explains that multiple sclerosis (MS) is most likely caused by:

The nurse encourages the patient with multiple sclerosis (MS) that his disease appears to be the most common type,which is: