A College Student Is Brought to the Emergency Department by a Roommate

A college student is brought to the emergency department by a roommate who is concerned about symptoms of extreme restlessness, nausea, and vomiting. The provider notes elevations of the pulse and blood pressure and pupillary dilation, along with hyperactive bowel sounds. The provider suspects withdrawal from which substance?

A) Alcohol
B) Cocaine
C) LSD
D) Opioids