Carlos is a customer service representative who determines his work behavior solely on whether he thinks he can do actions without receiving immediate punishment from his boss. According to Kohlberg, Carlos' behavior exemplifies the ________ stage of moral development.

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Carlos' behavior demonstrates a focus on avoiding punishment, which is characteristic of the preconventional stage of moral development. In this stage, individuals base their moral judgments on the consequences of their actions, rather than on abstract principles or societal expectations.

Carlos Is a Customer Service Representative Who Determines His Work