Question 1

In ______, executive and judicial leadership decreased the state incarceration facility population by 46% from 2007 to 2014, allowing the reallocation of funding to nonresidential, community-based services.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In ______, executive and judicial leadership decreased...

Question 2

Children and adolescents who are ______ are more likely to be gang-involved.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that children and adolescents with a history of serious and violent delinquency are more likely to join gangs compared to those with less serious or nonviolent delinquent histories. These youth may see gang involvement as an opportunity to gain power and respect, or as a means of protection from rival gangs or other threats. Substance abuse issues can also co-occur with these more serious delinquent behaviors, but it is not necessarily a direct predictor of gang involvement.

Question 3

Residential treatment centers are an alternative to incarceration for youthful offenders with ______, who are in need of more structure than non-secure, community-based treatment.

Accepted Answer

Residential treatment centers are designed for youthful offenders with serious emotional, behavioral, and/or substance use problems who require more structure than non-secure, community-based treatment options. These facilities offer intensive therapy, education, and support to help young people turn their lives around and avoid future involvement in the justice system. While some facilities may also work with youth who have more serious juvenile offending histories, the primary focus is on addressing underlying issues that contribute to delinquent behavior. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 4

A large proportion, up to one-third, of referrals to residential treatment centers come from ______.

Accepted Answer

Juvenile courts often refer youth to residential treatment centers as part of their rehabilitation and treatment plan. While other entities such as anger management counselors, private doctors, and self-referrals may also refer individuals to residential treatment centers, they do not make up as large of a proportion as juvenile courts.

Question 5

______ is a violence prevention program using public education campaigns and alternatives to violence.

Accepted Answer

CeaseFire Chicago is a violence prevention program that uses public education campaigns and alternatives to violence, such as conflict resolution and job training programs. The program focuses on reducing gun violence in Chicago by intervening in conflicts and providing support to those at risk of involvement in violence.

Question 6

Which of the following impedes coordination between the juvenile courts' detention facilities and schools.

Accepted Answer

Poor school records transfers inhibit the flow of information between juvenile courts' detention facilities and schools. When a juvenile is detained, it can be difficult to transfer information about their academic progress and needs to their detention facility. This can impede the coordination between the court and the school and make it more challenging to provide education to detained youth. State laws, teachers unions, and grade level standards may impact education in juvenile detention facilities, but they are not directly related to coordination between the courts and schools.

Question 7

Missouri is a state that has taken the lead for over two decades in moving away from serious youthful offender incarceration through the use of rehabilitative facilities. Which of the following steps did they take?

Accepted Answer

Missouri developed a continuum of programs for offenders as a step towards moving away from serious youthful offender incarceration through the use of rehabilitative facilities. This included a range of options such as residential treatment centers, day treatment, and home-based programs, which helped to provide appropriate levels of care for young people with different needs. The other options are not accurate as Missouri did not condense the five regions of the state into a unified body, end the use of individualized treatment plans, or fund the development of large state incarceration institutions.

Question 8

Probation departments are more effective when they use a(n) ______ approach with recently released adolescents and promote and expand prosocial behaviors and job skills training.

Accepted Answer

The developmental approach emphasizes the importance of understanding and addressing the developmental needs and challenges of adolescents, including promoting prosocial behaviors and providing job skills training. This approach is more effective than a zero tolerance approach, which tends to focus on punishment and enforcement without considering underlying issues, or a restorative approach, which focuses on repairing harm rather than promoting long-term positive change. The adaptive approach is a more general term that could apply to any approach that is flexible and responsive to the needs and circumstances of the individual, but it does not speak specifically to the developmental needs of adolescents.

Question 9

Educational programs in longer-term correctional facilities are often ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Educational programs in longer-term correctional facilities are...

Question 10

______ uses a combination of interventions to address adolescent mental health and substance abuse problems and to ease transitions back to the community after release from an incarceration facility.

Accepted Answer

Family Integrated Transitions (FIT) is designed to address adolescent mental health and substance abuse problems, specifically aiming to ease the transition back to the community after an adolescent has been released from an incarceration facility. It combines various interventions, including individual and family therapy, to support the youth during this critical period.

Question 11

When a young person is placed in a correctional facility for a lengthy stay, there is an obligation to continue education services; and is particularly necessary for ______.

Accepted Answer

Students with special education disabilities have specific educational needs that must be met in order to comply with federal regulations outlined in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). These students may require accommodations or specialized instruction in order to access their education, and it is important that these services continue while they are in a correctional facility.

Question 12

Since 2007, the state of ______ has made a significant turnaround in its youthful incarceration rate.

Accepted Answer

California has made significant changes to its juvenile justice system since 2007, including reducing the number of young people in state lockup by over 80%.

Question 13

In reference to residential treatment centers, there is a need for ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In reference to residential treatment centers, there...

Question 14

In terms of changes in youthful offender incarceration rates, ______ states have made more dramatic changes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In terms of changes in youthful offender...

Question 15

In ______, a combination of strong leadership and litigation around lack of quality conditions and mental health care has downsized or closed two dozen juvenile justice incarceration facilities, correspondingly decreasing the population over 73%.

Accepted Answer

New York has seen a significant reduction in its juvenile justice incarceration facilities, largely due to strong leadership and litigation focused on improving conditions and mental health care within these facilities. This effort has led to the downsizing or closure of two dozen facilities and a corresponding decrease in the juvenile incarcerated population by over 73%.

Question 16

Without continued education and a quick and seamless reentry to their school, the chances for reoffending and ______ significantly increase.

Accepted Answer

Without continued education and a quick and seamless reentry to their school, the likelihood of dropping out of school significantly increases for juvenile offenders, which can then lead to a higher chance of reoffending.

Question 17

The effectiveness of educational programming within juvenile justice institutions is enhanced by ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The effectiveness of educational programming within juvenile...

Question 18

In ______, prompted by allegations of abuse by staff that occurred within state facilities, legislators passed a state reform bill that led to a 63% reduction in the incarcerated youthful offender population, allowing funds to be reallocated to the juvenile courts to fund diversion programs.

Accepted Answer

Texas passed a state reform bill following allegations of abuse by staff within state facilities, which resulted in a significant reduction in the incarcerated youthful offender population and allowed for the reallocation of funds to support diversion programs.

Question 19

______ is the process of preparing incarcerated youths to make a successful transition back home after confinement.

Accepted Answer

Reentry refers specifically to the process of preparing incarcerated individuals to re-enter society after being released from confinement. This can include a range of services such as job training, mental health counseling, and substance abuse treatment to help ensure their successful transition back home. Choices B, C, and D are not specific enough to describe this process.

Question 20

Two of the leading national organizations involved in reducing racial and ethnic disparities in the juvenile justice system are Urban America Forward: Civil Rights Roundtable Series and the ______.

Accepted Answer

The Burns Institute is a national nonprofit organization that focuses on reducing racial and ethnic disparities in the juvenile justice system. It provides technical assistance, research, and training to organizations and jurisdictions working to address these issues. The other three choices (B, C, and D) do not have a primary focus on juvenile justice or racial and ethnic disparities.

Quiz 14: Rehabilitation of Serious and Chronic Youthful Offenders