Question 1

Suppose the ends of a 30-m long steel beam are rigidly clamped at 0°C to prevent expansion. The beam has a cross-sectional area of 30 cm². What force against the clamps does the beam exert when it is heated to 40°C? (α_Steel = 1.1 × 10−⁵/°C, Y_steel = 20 × 10¹⁰ N/m²).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose the ends of a 30-m long...

Question 2

At which of the following temperatures would one liter of water weigh the most?

Accepted Answer

One liter of water weighs the most at 4°C. This is because water has its maximum density at this temperature. At temperatures above or below 4°C, the water molecules begin to move more rapidly or slow down, causing them to push apart or become more tightly packed, respectively. Therefore, the density and weight of the water would decrease at temperatures other than 4°C.

Question 3

A gold ring has an inner diameter of 2.168 cm at a temperature of 15.0°C. Determine its diameter at 100.0°C. (α_GOLD = 1.42 × 10−⁵/°C)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gold ring has an inner diameter...

Question 4

Determine the change in length of a 20-m railroad track made of steel if the temperature is changed from −15°C to +35°C. (α_STEEL = 1.1 × 10−⁵/°C)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Determine the change in length of a...

Question 5

The pressure of a substance is directly proportional to its volume when the temperature is held constant and inversely proportional to its temperature when the volume is held constant. Is this substance an ideal gas? Explain why your answer is correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pressure of a substance is directly...

Question 6

A constant volume gas thermometer has a pressure of 2.00 atm at 100°C. What would its pressure be at 0°C?

Accepted Answer

Based on Charles's Law, the volume of a gas at a constant pressure is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin. Therefore, as the temperature decreases from 100°C to 0°C (273 K to 273 K - 100 K = 173 K), the volume of the gas decreases as well. Since the gas thermometer has a constant volume, the pressure must decrease proportionally to the decrease in temperature. Using the combined gas law, P₁T₁ = P₂T₂, we can find the pressure at 0°C (273 K - 0 K = 273 K): 
(2.00 atm)(373 K) = (P₂)(273 K)
P₂ = (2.00 atm)(373 K) / (273 K) = 2.74 atm
Therefore, the pressure at 0°C would be 2.74 atm, which is closest to choice B (1.46 atm).

Question 7

At what Fahrenheit temperature are the Kelvin and Fahrenheit temperatures numerically equal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of At what Fahrenheit temperature are the Kelvin...

Quiz 19: Temperature

Suppose the ends of a 30-m long steel beam are rigidly clamped at 0°C to prevent expansion. The beam has a cross-sectional area of 30 cm2. What force against the clamps does the beam exert when it is heated to 40°C? (αSteel = 1.1 × 10−5/°C, Ysteel = 20 × 1010 N/m2).