Question 1

How can random numbers be generated?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can random numbers be generated?...

Question 2

In Excel, the RAND() function generates either a 0 or a 1, purely at random.

Accepted Answer

The RAND() function in Excel generates a random decimal between 0 and 1, not just 0 or 1.

Question 3

A number that has the same probability of being selected as any other number is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A number that has the same probability...

Question 4

To generate 100 random numbers in an Excel simulation, the "=RAND()" function is first typed into the A1 cell on an Excel spreadsheet. A1 can then be copied and pasted in a rectangular area on the spreadsheet to cover the cells:

Accepted Answer

The "=RAND()" function can be copied to a total of 100 cells to generate 100 random numbers. Option C, A1:J10, represents a rectangular area of 10 columns by 10 rows, which equals 100 cells.

Question 5

________ occurs when the simulation is repeated over enough time that the average results for performance measures remain constant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ occurs when the simulation is repeated...

Question 6

________ are random events that the decision maker cannot control.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are random events that the decision...

Question 7

One hundred monkeys are typing in Excel spreadsheets when one of them enters =NORM.S.INV(RAND()) What is the result of this monkey's function?

Accepted Answer

The function =NORM.S.INV(RAND()) returns z-scores from the standard normal distribution. The RAND() function generates a random number uniformly distributed between 0 and 1, and then the NORM.S.INV() function returns the corresponding z-score for that random number. The monkey's function generates a random sample from the standard normal distribution.

Question 8

A simulation model is used to test the impact of the number of sample customers at a supermarket. As the model is run, the decision maker watches the average number of customers in the store rapidly increase from zero until it levels off and holds a constant value. The simulation model is:

Accepted Answer

The simulation model is in steady state as indicated by the constant average number of customers in the store.

Question 9

A variable that is controlled by the decision-maker and will change from one run to the next as different events are simulated is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A variable that is controlled by the...

Question 10

When using Excel for simulation, it is important to freeze the random numbers used in order to compare the effectiveness of different policies. To do this, you must select the cells holding the random numbers with the mouse, click Edit/Copy at the top of the spreadsheet, and:

Accepted Answer

By selecting the Values option in Paste Special, Excel will copy the actual values of the cells instead of the formula used to generate the random numbers. This will ensure that the same numbers are used every time the simulation is run, allowing for accurate comparison of different policies.

Question 11

This table shows the distribution of grades in an operations management class. 
Add a column to the table that shows the cumulative probability and indicate what letter grade is obtained when the RAND() function is equal to 0.5548.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This table shows the distribution of grades...

Question 12

________ uses random numbers to generate simulation events.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ uses random numbers to generate simulation...

Question 13

To generate 80 random numbers in an Excel simulation, the "=RAND()" function is first typed into the C2 cell on an Excel spreadsheet. C2 is then copied and pasted in a rectangular area on the spreadsheet to cover the cells:

Accepted Answer

To generate 80 random numbers, we need to cover a rectangular area that has 8 rows and 10 columns (8 x 10 = 80). Option B, which covers cells C2 to J11, satisfies this requirement. Options A, C, and D do not cover enough cells or cover too many cells for the purpose of generating 80 random numbers.

Question 14

This table shows the distribution of grades in an operations management class. 
Add a column to the table that shows the cumulative probability and indicate what letter grade is obtained when the RAND() function is equal to 0.982245.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This table shows the distribution of grades...

Question 15

If the difference in results between different simulation runs results in a mathematical difference in system performance, the difference is said to be ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the difference in results between different...

Question 16

In Excel, typing the function ________ will generate random numbers within the interval 0 to 1.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Excel, typing the function ________ will...

Question 17

Why would data need to be collected prior to conducting a simulation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why would data need to be collected...

Question 18

If the data needed to set up a simulation are available in company records, the technique used to obtain them is called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the data needed to set up...

Question 19

This table shows the distribution of grades in an operations management class. 
Add a column to the table that shows the cumulative probability and indicate what letter grade is obtained when the RAND() function is equal to 0.7406.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This table shows the distribution of grades...

Question 20

Steady state occurs when the simulation is repeated over enough time that the average results for performance measures remain constant.

Accepted Answer

Steady state is a condition where the performance measures of the simulation remain constant over time, indicating that the system has reached a dynamic equilibrium. This means that the simulation has been run for a sufficient length of time to ensure that its output is no longer influenced by initial conditions, and that any fluctuations in the system have been driven out. Therefore, steady state occurs when the average results for performance measures remain constant after a period of repeated simulation.

Quiz 22: Supplement E Simulation

How can random numbers be generated?

In Excel, the RAND() function generates either a 0 or a 1, purely at random.

A number that has the same probability of being selected as any other number is a(n) ________.

To generate 100 random numbers in an Excel simulation, the "=RAND() " function is first typed into the A1 cell on an Excel spreadsheet. A1 can then be copied and pasted in a rectangular area on the spreadsheet to cover the cells:

________ occurs when the simulation is repeated over enough time that the average results for performance measures remain constant.

________ are random events that the decision maker cannot control.

One hundred monkeys are typing in Excel spreadsheets when one of them enters =NORM.S.INV(RAND() ) What is the result of this monkey's function?

A simulation model is used to test the impact of the number of sample customers at a supermarket. As the model is run, the decision maker watches the average number of customers in the store rapidly increase from zero until it levels off and holds a constant value. The simulation model is:

A variable that is controlled by the decision-maker and will change from one run to the next as different events are simulated is a(n) ________.

When using Excel for simulation, it is important to freeze the random numbers used in order to compare the effectiveness of different policies. To do this, you must select the cells holding the random numbers with the mouse, click Edit/Copy at the top of the spreadsheet, and:

This table shows the distribution of grades in an operations management class. Add a column to the table that shows the cumulative probability and indicate what letter grade is obtained when the RAND() function is equal to 0.5548.

________ uses random numbers to generate simulation events.

To generate 80 random numbers in an Excel simulation, the "=RAND() " function is first typed into the C2 cell on an Excel spreadsheet. C2 is then copied and pasted in a rectangular area on the spreadsheet to cover the cells:

This table shows the distribution of grades in an operations management class. Add a column to the table that shows the cumulative probability and indicate what letter grade is obtained when the RAND() function is equal to 0.982245.

If the difference in results between different simulation runs results in a mathematical difference in system performance, the difference is said to be ________.

In Excel, typing the function ________ will generate random numbers within the interval 0 to 1.

Why would data need to be collected prior to conducting a simulation?

If the data needed to set up a simulation are available in company records, the technique used to obtain them is called ________.

This table shows the distribution of grades in an operations management class. Add a column to the table that shows the cumulative probability and indicate what letter grade is obtained when the RAND() function is equal to 0.7406.

Steady state occurs when the simulation is repeated over enough time that the average results for performance measures remain constant.