Question 1

When Andrew turns 3 years old, one can expect him to be ____ centimetres tall.

Accepted Answer

According to the average growth chart, a 3-year-old boy is typically around 96 cm tall.

Question 2

Children begin to lose their 'baby teeth' around age ____.

Accepted Answer

Children begin to lose their 'baby teeth' around age 6, although the exact timing can vary for each child.

Question 3

Mehrak lives in Australia and weighs 108 centimetres. She is in good health and her paediatrician says she is developing at a normal pace. It is safe to say that Mehrak is around ____.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

____ in developing countries causes a considerably lower average for height and weight during early childhood.

Accepted Answer

Lower nutrition and higher likelihood of childhood diseases in developing countries can lead to a considerably lower average for height and weight during early childhood. This is due to malnutrition and lack of access to healthcare which results in a higher incidence of diseases and infections that can stunt growth and disrupt normal physical development.

Question 5

Layla is 3 years old. How many teeth would you expect her to have?

Accepted Answer

By the age of 3, most children have all 20 of their primary teeth (also known as baby teeth). Therefore, the answer is C - 20 teeth.

Question 6

Your neighbour's daughter seems to eat candy quite a bit between meals. Her parents are worried about this and ask you. What would you tell her parents?

Accepted Answer

Eating candy frequently between meals is likely to increase the risk of developing cavities. This is because the sugar in the candy feeds the bacteria in the mouth, leading to acid production that can erode tooth enamel. It is important to limit sugary snacks and encourage regular brushing and flossing to maintain good oral health.

Question 7

Increase in brain size and weight during early childhood is due to ____.

Accepted Answer

The increase in brain size and weight during early childhood is due to dendritic connections and myelination. As the child develops, dendritic connections between neurons increase, allowing for more complex neural networks. Additionally, myelination improves neural transmission speed and efficiency, further contributing to brain growth. While cerebral spinal fluid and blood volume may play a role in overall brain health and function, they are not the primary drivers of brain growth during early childhood. The number of neurons also remains relatively stable after early childhood.

Question 8

Wealthier parents have children who weigh more and are taller because ____.

Accepted Answer

Wealthier parents have access to more nutritional foods, which allows their children to have a more well-rounded and balanced diet. This leads to children who weigh more and are taller. Maid service and fast food restaurants are not necessarily determining factors in height and weight. Genetics can play a role, but it is not likely that wealthier parents are generally genetically much taller.

Question 9

Your brother is very impressed with his 4-year-old daughter's development, particularly in emotional regulation. He asks your opinion about his observations and you tell him that her advances in development are likely due to ____.

Accepted Answer

Emotional regulation is a complex process that involves the prefrontal cortex, which is located in the frontal lobe of the brain. As children develop, their prefrontal cortex matures, allowing them to better regulate their emotions and behavior. Therefore, it is likely that the advances in development your brother has observed in his daughter are due to growth in her frontal lobe. The other options (superior genetics, superior parenting, and new preschool) may certainly play a role in a child's development, but they are not necessarily the primary reason for gains in emotional regulation.

Question 10

_____ lobe grows faster than the rest of the cerebral cortex during early childhood.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the frontal lobe, which is responsible for decision making, planning, and problem-solving, undergoes the most rapid growth during early childhood. This growth is thought to contribute to the significant cognitive and behavioral changes seen during this developmental period.

Question 11

When Charlotte turns 5 years old, one can expect her to weigh ____kilograms.

Accepted Answer

The average weight for a 5-year-old girl is around 18 kilograms. Choice C is the closest option.

Question 12

By age 3, the brain is about ____ of its adult weight, and by age 6 it is ____.

Accepted Answer

By age 3, the brain is about 70% of its adult weight and by age 6 it is 90%. This indicates that there is significant growth and development occurring during these early years, which is why early childhood education and stimulation is important for cognitive, social, and emotional development. Option C correctly identifies these percentages.

Question 13

Vladimir is 3 years old and preparing for his first dental visit. Beyond a routine cleaning, Vladimir may also be given ____.

Accepted Answer

At the first dental visit, a child may receive a fluoride rinse to help prevent tooth decay and dental sealants to protect the molars from cavities. They are important preventative measures for a child's dental health. Novocain would not be necessary for routine cleaning, and water fortified with calcium or teeth-whitening gum are not typically provided at a dental visit.

Question 14

How many teeth does the average 3-year-old have?

Accepted Answer

By the age of 3, most children have all 20 primary teeth – 10 on top and 10 on bottom.

Question 15

When Andrew turns 3 years old, one can expect him to weigh ____kilograms.

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization growth standards, the median weight for a 3-year-old boy is 14.5 kg. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Question 16

Why are the average heights and weights of children in early childhood in developing countries considerably lower than developed countries?

Accepted Answer

Children in developing countries often have limited access to nutritious food and clean water, which can lead to chronic malnutrition and stunted growth. In addition, they may be more susceptible to diseases that can impact growth and development. Poor school lunches or poorly trained teachers are not the leading factors contributing to lower heights and weights in children in developing countries. Also, obesity is not a common problem in developing countries, as there is often limited access to high-calorie, processed foods. Finally, genetics may play a role in height, but it is not the sole determinant, and even with genetic variability, proper nutrition and healthcare are necessary to ensure proper growth and development.

Question 17

Compared to the average 4-year-old in Sweden, how tall is the average 6-year-old in Bangladesh?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared to the average 4-year-old in Sweden,...

Question 18

From ages 3 to 6, the typical child grows about ____ centimetres per year and adds ____ kilograms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of From ages 3 to 6, the typical...

Question 19

What percentage of 4-year-olds in New Zealand had experienced cavities or dental decay?

Accepted Answer

7% of 4-year-olds in New Zealand had experienced cavities or dental decay.

Question 20

During childhood, boys are slightly ____ than girls.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that on average, boys tend to be taller and heavier than girls during childhood.

Quiz 6: Early Childhood