Question 1

Which factors determine whether agoraphobia actually develops following panic attacks and how severe it becomes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which factors determine whether agoraphobia actually develops...

Question 2

Which of the following groups is generalized anxiety disorder most prevalent in?

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder is most prevalent in the elderly due to factors like increased health issues, loss of loved ones, and social isolation.

Question 3

Who of the following is at the greatest risk of having panic attacks with agoraphobia?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that women are twice as likely as men to develop panic disorder with agoraphobia. Additionally, panic disorder with agoraphobia typically develops in late adolescence or early adulthood, so individuals between the ages of 25 and 40 are at greater risk than those over 60.

Question 4

A friend stated that when she went to a clinic, she had to spend 30- to 60-second sessions shaking her head from side to side, spinning in a chair, tensing all her muscles, hyperventilating, or breathing through a narrow straw.What is she receiving treatment for?

Accepted Answer

These activities are part of exposure therapy, a common treatment for panic disorder. They simulate the physical sensations of a panic attack, helping patients learn to cope with them in a controlled environment.

Question 5

Which statement best describes the relationship between generalized anxiety disorders and suicide ideation?

Accepted Answer

Even after accounting for the effects of other mental disorders, studies have found a significant relationship between generalized anxiety disorder and suicide ideation. This suggests that anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, should be taken seriously in suicide prevention efforts.

Question 6

For which type of phobia does the age of onset peak at about seven years of age?

Accepted Answer

Animal and natural environment phobias typically have an age of onset that peaks at about seven years of age. These phobias include fears of specific animals, storms, heights, or water, which often develop in childhood.

Question 7

Kyla experiences an inability to speak while at school but communicates effectively at home and when with her friends.What disorder would Kyla likely be diagnosed with?

Accepted Answer

Kyla's inability to speak in certain situations while being able to communicate effectively in other situations suggests that she may have selective mutism, a disorder characterized by a consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite the ability to speak in other settings. Social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, and panic disorder with agoraphobia typically involve a more general fear or avoidance of certain situations, whereas selective mutism specifically involves a failure to speak in certain situations.

Question 8

To address panic symptoms, a panic-control treatment (PCT) was developed at one of Barlow's clinics.Which of the following would be included in this therapy?

Accepted Answer

PCT includes exposure to interoceptive sensations, which involves intentionally inducing physical sensations that typically trigger panic attacks in order to help the person learn to manage those sensations and reduce the frequency and intensity of panic attacks. Option B is incorrect as minimizing heart rate at all times is not a recommended approach and could potentially be dangerous. Option C may be used in conjunction with therapy, but is not a part of PCT. Option D is also not a part of PCT as it is a form of psychotherapy that may be used for other mental health conditions, but not specifically for panic disorder.

Question 9

A man who has an extreme snake phobia was told repeatedly as a child about the dangers of snakes in high grass.He also was encouraged to wear rubber boots to protect himself, even on city streets.What mode of developing a phobia does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

This example illustrates information transmission, where a phobia develops through hearing about the dangers of snakes from others, in this case, being told repeatedly as a child about the dangers.

Question 10

In a major double-blind NIMH research study looking at the separate and combined effects of both psychological and drug treatments (Barlow et al., 2000), patients were randomized into five different treatment conditions.Which of the following was one of these treatment conditions?

Accepted Answer

The study involved five treatment conditions, and one of them was a placebo. The other options listed (psychoanalysis, hypnosis, and flooding) were not mentioned as treatment conditions in this particular study.

Question 11

Your friend Samantha has been diagnosed with a generalized anxiety disorder.Which category of drugs is the typical pharmacological treatment for her condition?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your friend Samantha has been diagnosed with...

Question 12

Jason has just recently been diagnosed as having panic disorder.Which statement best describes what we will know about Jason?

Accepted Answer

Men are more likely to use alcohol as a coping mechanism for panic disorder compared to women.

Question 13

Which term refers to the integrated theory of the development of anxiety?

Accepted Answer

The integrated theory of the development of anxiety is referred to as the triple vulnerability model. It consists of three types of vulnerabilities: biological, psychological, and environmental. This model suggests that anxiety disorders develop as a result of the interplay between these vulnerabilities, and that individuals who possess all three are at the highest risk for developing anxiety disorders.

Question 14

Which treatment plan do almost all clinicians agree is required for treatment of specific phobias?

Accepted Answer

Almost all clinicians agree that structured and consistent exposure is required for the treatment of specific phobias. This involves gradually exposing the individual to the feared object or situation in a safe and controlled manner, allowing them to learn that they can tolerate the anxiety and that it will eventually subside. Avoidance, developmental shaping, and information transmission may also be helpful components of treatment, but they are not typically the sole focus of treatment for specific phobias.

Question 15

An individual who suffers from panic disorder might become anxious about climbing stairs, exercising, or being in hot rooms because these activities produce sensations similar to those accompanying a panic attack.In psychological terms, what have the exercise and hot rooms become?

Accepted Answer

The exercise and hot rooms have become conditioned stimuli because they are now associated with the panic attack sensations and can trigger anxiety in the individual with panic disorder.

Question 16

How does cognitive-behavioural treatment help someone with generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioural treatment involves identifying and challenging negative thoughts and beliefs that contribute to anxiety. The therapist assists the patient in confronting anxiety-provoking situations and replacing negative thoughts with more positive and realistic ones. This helps the patient learn coping strategies for managing their anxiety.

Question 17

Which "normal" childhood fear correctly matches the corresponding approximate age of onset?

Accepted Answer

By age ten, children often begin to experience fears related to social evaluation and concerns about their physical appearance, as they become more aware of peer perceptions and social dynamics.

Question 18

Although SSRIs are currently the indicated drug for panic disorder, there are disadvantages to all drugs.What is the major disadvantage of SSRIs?

Accepted Answer

Sexual dysfunction is the major disadvantage of SSRIs, with side effects such as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, and delayed or absent orgasm. This can greatly impact a patient's quality of life and may lead to discontinuation of the medication.

Question 19

Mandeep had a panic attack while he was asleep last night.What sleep event was Mandeep most likely experiencing when the attack occurred?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mandeep had a panic attack while he...

Question 20

Research has shown that psychological treatment focused on teaching the patient to be more tolerant of their distressing thoughts and feelings may have a higher success rate than all other treatments for GAD that have appeared in the literature.Which approach is at the core of this treatment?

Accepted Answer

The approach at the core of this treatment is mindfulness, which involves teaching patients to be aware of and accept their thoughts and feelings without trying to suppress or control them. This approach has been found to be more effective than cognitive or emotive therapies, which focus on changing the content or intensity of thoughts and feelings, or conditioning, which involves pairing a stimuli with a response to reduce anxiety.

Quiz 5: Anxiety, Trauma, and Stressor-Related and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders