Question 1

Research has shown that females who participate in basketball and soccer are four to six times less likely to sustain an injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) than males who play the same sport.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that females are actually at a higher risk, being four to six times more likely to sustain an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than males participating in the same sports. This is often attributed to differences in physical conditioning, muscular strength, and neuromuscular control.

Question 2

The muscles that move the lower extremity are the strongest in the body.

Accepted Answer

The muscles that move the lower extremity, such as the glutes, quadriceps, and hamstrings, have a large mass and are capable of producing significant force, making them among the strongest muscles in the body.

Question 3

The ____ membrane coats the inner surface of the fibrous joint capsule, but it is only about four cells deep.

Accepted Answer

The synovial membrane coats the inner surface of the fibrous joint capsule, and is only about four cells deep.

Question 4

A positive "sag test" is diagnostic of a PCL tear.

Accepted Answer

A positive sag test is a result where the lower leg sags backwards when the patient is lying down and the knee is bent at a right angle. This indicates that the PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) is torn or damaged.

Question 5

The quadricep is made up of ________ different muscles.

Accepted Answer

The quadricep is a four-headed muscle located in the front of the thigh. It consists of four muscles: the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis.

Question 6

Knee pain and dysfunction arising from the patellofemoral joint is one of the least challenging problems for both athlete and trainer.

Accepted Answer

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee problem among athletes and can be challenging to manage for both athletes and trainers. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including muscle imbalances, overuse, and poor tracking of the patella. Treatment typically involves a combination of strengthening, stretching, and modifying activity to reduce pain and improve function.

Question 7

Inflammation of the IT band does not affect its function.

Accepted Answer

Inflammation of the IT band can cause pain and limit function, particularly during activities that involve bending or straightening the leg, such as walking, running, or climbing stairs.

Question 8

Experts reported that females tend to use their ____ muscles more leading to ACL injuries.

Accepted Answer

Females tend to use their quadriceps muscles more than their hamstrings during physical activities, which can contribute to a higher risk of ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) injuries. This imbalance can affect knee stability.

Question 9

The ACL runs posterior to anterior internally.

Accepted Answer

The ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) runs from the posterior femur to the anterior tibia, not posterior to anterior internally within the knee joint.

Question 10

Some athletes may complain of a grinding noise, known as ____.

Accepted Answer

The grinding noise athletes may experience is known as crepitus. Valgus and varus refer to the angle of the joint in relation to the body, and vagus is not a term associated with joint issues.

Question 11

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) follow the same grading scale as for MCL and LCL sprains.

Accepted Answer

The ACL and PCL are graded differently than the MCL and LCL, as they are intra-articular ligaments and have different mechanisms of injury and healing processes.

Question 12

Fractures in the area of the knee ____.

Accepted Answer

Fractures in the area of the knee vary in location and severity, depending on the nature and impact of the injury. They can occur due to high-energy trauma, as well as due to direct impact or sports-related injuries.

Question 13

____ (bending too far) of the knee without a direct blow to the tibia can cause an isolated PCL injury in which no other ligaments are damaged.

Accepted Answer

Hyperflexion (bending too far) of the knee can lead to an isolated PCL injury without any other ligament damage. Dorsiflexion (A) refers to the movement of the foot upwards towards the shin, which does not directly affect the knee joint. Pronation (B) and adduction (D) are movements of the foot and hip, respectively, and are not directly related to the knee joint.

Question 14

Treatment of iliotibial band syndrome begins with an analysis of the athlete's gait and training program.

Accepted Answer

Treatment of iliotibial band syndrome does begin with an analysis of the athlete's gait and training program.

Question 15

Most movements and activities depend on the knee joint for support and mobility.

Accepted Answer

The knee joint is a crucial joint for supporting the body and allowing movement, making it essential for most movements and activities.

Question 16

The ____ stress test checks for MCL stability.

Accepted Answer

The valgus stress test checks for medial collateral ligament (MCL) stability, not the varus or lateral stress test. Laxity is a general term for looseness or instability and does not refer to a specific test. Therefore, the best choice is B, valgus stress test.

Question 17

The ____ stress test checks for LCL stability.

Accepted Answer

The varus stress test is used to check for stability of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) in the knee. It involves applying force to the medial aspect of the knee while stabilizing the lateral aspect.

Question 18

Patellar tendonitis is usually the result of repetitive stress on the patellar tendon.

Accepted Answer

Patellar tendonitis is commonly referred to as "jumper's knee" because it often affects athletes participating in sports that involve repetitive jumping or running, such as basketball or volleyball. Overuse and repetitive stress on the patellar tendon can lead to inflammation and pain.

Question 19

The knee has the ability to perform___ different movements.

Accepted Answer

The knee joint is capable of three movements: flexion, extension, and a slight internal and external rotation.

Question 20

Athletes with patellar tendonitis complain of ____ knee pain.

Accepted Answer

Patellar tendonitis is an overuse injury that affects the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap (patella) to the shinbone (tibia). The pain associated with this condition is typically felt at the front of the knee, which is the anterior region. Thus, option C is the correct answer. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the location of the pain in patellar tendonitis.

Quiz 18: The Knee