In most environments, the nutrient concentrations outside the cell are lower than inside the cell. If the concentration gradient is NOT favorable, a microbial cell obtains nutrients through

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If the concentration gradient is not favorable, meaning that the nutrient concentrations outside the cell are lower than inside the cell, the microbial cell must use active, energy-dependent transport to obtain nutrients. This process requires the use of ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient, allowing the cell to maintain a higher concentration of nutrients inside the cell. Facilitated diffusion, swim and tumble, forming biofilms, and simple diffusion all rely on a favorable concentration gradient, which is not the case in this scenario.

In Most Environments, the Nutrient Concentrations Outside the Cell Are