Question 1

Tolerance of diversity in social, political, and religious points of view is an example of the concept of ____________.

Accepted Answer

Tolerance of diversity in social, political, and religious points of view is a characteristic of an open society, which values individual freedom, mutual respect, and diverse perspectives. Populism, on the other hand, tends to emphasize the interests or opinions of ordinary people over those of elites or experts, often through a charismatic leader. Communitarianism emphasizes the importance of community values and responsibilities over individual rights and freedoms. A segmented society is one in which there are deep and enduring divisions between different segments or groups based on factors such as race, class, religion, or political affiliation. The concept of an open society entails the acceptance and respect for different social, political, and religious views. It is a society that values diversity and does not favor any particular group or ideology over another. Therefore, tolerance of diversity in these areas is an example of an open society. Populism is a political ideology that favors the common people over the elites and may or may not be receptive to diversity. Communitarianism emphasizes the importance of social cohesion and shared values, but may inhibit diversity in certain circumstances. A segmented society is one that is divided along social, political, or economic lines and may not have tolerance for diversity.

Question 2

Conservatives have supported the changing interpretation of the first amendment from freedom of discussion to freedom of expression.

Accepted Answer

Conservatives have traditionally supported a more originalist interpretation of the Constitution, including the First Amendment, focusing on freedom of speech and religion rather than broader interpretations like freedom of expression.

Question 3

The process of secularization is defined by

Accepted Answer

The process of secularization refers to the decline of religious influence in society and the decreasing importance of religious institutions. This is often seen in the decline of regular church attendance, as people turn away from organized religion. Options A and D do not fit the definition of secularization, and option C describes the opposite of secularization, where the state promotes a particular religion.

Question 4

Roe v. Wade

Accepted Answer

Roe v. Wade established the constitutional right to abortion.

Question 5

Roe v. Wade

Accepted Answer

Roe v. Wade (1973) was a landmark decision by the U.S. Supreme Court that ruled that the Constitution of the United States protects a pregnant woman's liberty to choose to have an abortion without excessive government restriction. It did not make abortion illegal, require physicians to perform abortions, nor hold that states may only regulate abortions in the first trimester. Instead, it established a trimester framework to balance the state's interest in regulating abortions and the woman's right to privacy, significantly limiting the state's power to regulate abortion procedures in the first trimester.

Question 6

The consequences of the movement from discussion to expression are controversial in which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

The movement from discussion to expression can have controversial consequences in all of the areas mentioned, including political correctness, "hate speech," and the Nazi march in Skokie, Illinois. In each case, the issue is related to the tension between freedom of expression and efforts to limit or regulate certain forms of speech or behavior. The movement from discussion to expression is controversial in all of the above areas. Political correctness can limit free expression, "hate speech" can be considered a form of expression that incites violence or discrimination, and the Nazi march in Skokie tested the boundaries of free speech in regards to its offensive content.

Question 7

Those who favor restrictions on pornography argue that

Accepted Answer

Those who favor restrictions on pornography argue that it is harmful, will deteriorate a society's moral standards, and tends to heighten sexual desire into ever more deviant forms. Those who favor restrictions on pornography generally cite all three reasons stated in options A, B, and C. They argue that pornography is harmful to individuals and society, as it can lead to addiction, objectification of women, and desensitization to violence and degradation. They also claim that it will deteriorate a society's moral standards by encouraging casual sex and promiscuity. Additionally, they suggest that pornography tends to heighten sexual desire into ever more deviant forms, leading to dangerous and harmful behavior. Therefore, option D is the correct choice.

Question 8

The open society concept is in conflict with support of family values, which generates political issues such as

Accepted Answer

The answer of The open society concept is in conflict...

Question 9

Both feminists and conservatives wish to see greater legal restrictions on the availability of pornographic material.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Both feminists and conservatives wish to see...

Question 10

The Supreme Court has decided that freedom of speech is due absolute protection.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has not decided that freedom of speech is due absolute protection. There are some limitations to freedom of speech, such as incitement to violence, obscenity, and defamation. While freedom of speech is a fundamental right protected by the First Amendment, it is not an absolute right. The Supreme Court has upheld restrictions on certain types of speech, such as obscenity, fighting words, and speech that incites violence.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a test established by the Supreme Court to determine if material is obscene?

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has not established a test that includes considering whether the work depicts homosexual behavior. The three established tests for determining if material is obscene are the Miller test, the Roth test, and the Hicklin test. The Supreme Court has never established the test that considers whether the work depicts homosexual behavior as a factor in determining if material is obscene. The three tests that have been established are: (A) if the work appeals to the prurient interests of the average person, (B) if the work lacks serious literacy or artistic value, and (C) if the work violates an applicable state law in a patently offensive way.

Question 12

The populism tradition in the United States did not appeal to

Accepted Answer

The populism tradition in the United States primarily appealed to farmers and unskilled workers who were struggling in the late 19th century due to economic and political changes. Bankers, on the other hand, were seen as part of the problem and were often criticized by populist leaders. Shopkeepers and small farmers could have been part of the populist movement, but there is not enough information to say whether they were or not. Therefore, B is the best choice as the only group not likely to be attracted to populism. The populism tradition in the United States was focused on addressing the concerns of small farmers and unskilled workers who were struggling economically. It criticized bankers and financial institutions for their perceived exploitation of ordinary people. Therefore, the answer is B as bankers do not fit into the demographic of those who were appealed to by populism.

Question 13

The presumption of constitutionality call for judges to

Accepted Answer

The presumption of constitutionality means that courts should presume that laws and government actions are constitutional unless there is clear evidence to the contrary. This principle calls for judges to interpret the Constitution and laws in a way that upholds the political action rather than imposing their own values or opinions. This principle helps to ensure that the courts are not overstepping their bounds and interfering with the policymaking authority of the legislative and executive branches. The presumption of constitutionality requires judges to interpret laws and the Constitution in a way that upholds political action rather than imposing their own values. This means that judges should assume that the law is constitutionally valid unless there is clear evidence to the contrary. This helps to ensure that the courts do not become too politicized and that the Constitution and laws are applied consistently over time.

Question 14

The consequences of the movement from discussion to expression are controversial in which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

The movement from discussion to expression has controversial consequences in the areas of political correctness and "hate speech". Scientific creationism, on the other hand, is not directly related to this movement. The movement from discussion to expression can have controversial consequences in both the areas of political correctness and "hate speech," making D the best choice. Scientific creationism is not directly related to this issue.

Question 15

When a court nullifies a law, it is practicing

Accepted Answer

When a court nullifies a law, it is practicing judicial activism, which is the idea that judges should use their power to interpret the Constitution and laws to advance their own vision of justice, even if it means contradicting the actions of elected officials or the will of the majority. Judicial restraint, on the other hand, involves judges deferring to the decisions of elected officials and striking down laws only if they clearly violate the Constitution. The presumption of constitutionality is a legal doctrine that assumes a law is constitutional until proven otherwise. When a court nullifies a law, it is overturning the actions of the legislative or executive branch, indicating an active role of the judiciary in shaping policy and interpreting the constitution. This is a characteristic of judicial activism. Judicial restraint refers to judges avoiding overreach in their interpretation of laws and the constitution, while presumption of constitutionality refers to the presumption that laws passed by the legislature are constitutional, until proven otherwise by the court.

Question 16

Miller v. California, with respect to pornography,

Accepted Answer

Miller v. California ruled that each community may decide for itself what its standards are in determining pornography, and did not provide a clear national standard. While the case did establish a three-pronged test for determining whether material is obscene, including whether it lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value, it did not require that the material be utterly without any redeeming social value.

Question 17

Some of the political left have opposed the Open Society concept through their support of legislation promoting morality in the area of racial and cultural tolerance.

Accepted Answer

The question states that "Some of the political left have opposed the Open Society concept through their support of legislation promoting morality in the area of racial and cultural tolerance." This means that the political left is opposing the Open Society concept, which is true.

Question 18

The attempt to suppress speech that is regarded as insensitive to targeted racial and ethnic groups

Accepted Answer

The answer of The attempt to suppress speech that is...

Question 19

The Moral Majority conservative political movement was created to promote Christian family values and to fight the Open Society.

Accepted Answer

The Moral Majority conservative political movement was founded in the late 1970s by Jerry Falwell Sr. to promote conservative Christian values and mobilize religious voters to support conservative candidates and policies. The Open Society, a concept promoted by philosopher Karl Popper, advocates for individual freedom, democracy, and a society that values diversity and open dialogue. While the Moral Majority may have opposed some aspects of the Open Society, their primary focus was on promoting Christian values in politics.

Question 20

Neo-populism is a revolt against the secularization of American culture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neo-populism is a revolt against the secularization...

Quiz 13: Private Morality and Public Policy: Moral Values, the Constitution, and the Open Society

Tolerance of diversity in social, political, and religious points of view is an example of the concept of ____________.

Conservatives have supported the changing interpretation of the first amendment from freedom of discussion to freedom of expression.

The process of secularization is defined by

Roe v. Wade

Roe v. Wade

The consequences of the movement from discussion to expression are controversial in which of the following areas?

Those who favor restrictions on pornography argue that

The open society concept is in conflict with support of family values, which generates political issues such as

Both feminists and conservatives wish to see greater legal restrictions on the availability of pornographic material.

The Supreme Court has decided that freedom of speech is due absolute protection.

Which of the following is NOT a test established by the Supreme Court to determine if material is obscene?

The populism tradition in the United States did not appeal to

The presumption of constitutionality call for judges to

The consequences of the movement from discussion to expression are controversial in which of the following areas?

When a court nullifies a law, it is practicing

Miller v. California, with respect to pornography,

Some of the political left have opposed the Open Society concept through their support of legislation promoting morality in the area of racial and cultural tolerance.

The attempt to suppress speech that is regarded as insensitive to targeted racial and ethnic groups

The Moral Majority conservative political movement was created to promote Christian family values and to fight the Open Society.

Neo-populism is a revolt against the secularization of American culture.