Question 1

Which of the following measures would include the standard deviation of a sample?
A)measures of association
B)measures of variability
C)inferential statistics
D)central tendency measures

Accepted Answer

The standard deviation of a sample is a measure of variability, which quantifies the spread or dispersion of a set of data points. Measures of variability include range, variance, and standard deviation, among others.

Question 2

Which value shows how likely it would be to obtain research results if they had occurred by chance?
A)statistical significance
B)chi-squared
C)lambda
D)substantive significance

Accepted Answer

Statistical significance measures the likelihood that research results occurred by chance, indicating whether an observed pattern is due to random variation or a specific intervention or variable.

Question 3

It is easy to find perfect associations in real-world data if the variables are chosen carefully.

Accepted Answer

Real-world data is often complex and noisy, making it rare to find perfect associations between variables, even with careful selection.

Question 4

When conducting multiple regression analysis, researchers are most likely going to be interested in the ______ value. A)chi-squared B)statistical significance C)t-statistic D)R²

Accepted Answer

In multiple regression analysis, researchers are often interested in the R² value as it indicates the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variables.

Question 5

If a researcher is interested in how two variables are related to each other, then they will most likely look at the ______.
A)measures of association
B)measures of variability
C)inferential statistics
D)central tendency measures

Accepted Answer

Measures of association are statistical tools used to quantify the relationship between two variables, making them the most likely choice for a researcher interested in examining how two variables are related.

Question 6

Which of the following variables are most likely to be included in a cross-classification table?
A)ratio
B)quantitative
C)interval
D)categorical

Accepted Answer

Cross-classification tables, also known as contingency tables, are primarily used to summarize and analyze the relationship between two categorical variables. They are not designed to directly handle ratio, quantitative, or interval variables, which are types of numerical data.

Question 7

Lambda and the uncertainty coefficient are most likely reported for variables measured at the ______ level.
A)nominal
B)ratio
C)interval
D)ordinal

Accepted Answer

Lambda and the uncertainty coefficient are statistical measures used for analyzing categorical data, which is data measured at the nominal level. These measures help in understanding the association between categorical variables.

Question 8

______ tells researchers how well they can predict the value of the dependent variable based on the independent variables they have included. A)Chi-squared B)Statistical significance C)T-statistic D)R²

Accepted Answer

The correct choice seems to be a typographical error or a placeholder (D) "R²." In the context of the question, the intended answer likely refers to a measure of fit or predictive power in statistical models, such as R-squared (R²), which tells researchers how well the independent variables predict the value of the dependent variable. However, due to the typo, the exact term intended is unclear, but R-squared is a common measure for this purpose.

Question 9

Standard deviation is only applicable to variables that are measured at interval or ratio levels.

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation is a measure of the dispersion or spread of a set of values, and it assumes that the data are measured on a scale that allows for meaningful comparisons of differences, which is characteristic of interval and ratio levels of measurement.

Question 10

The ______ of the sample tells us which score appeared the most.
A)mean
B)variance
C)mode
D)median

Accepted Answer

The mode of a sample is the value that appears most frequently in the data set.

Question 11

Why would a researcher use inferential statistics?
A)to choose a data collection method
B)to learn more about a population from the sample data
C)to learn about the distribution of the sample data
D)to learn more characteristics of the sample data

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics are used to make inferences or generalizations about a population based on data collected from a sample of that population. This allows researchers to draw conclusions beyond the immediate data set.

Question 12

Cross-classification tables are used to do which of the following?
A)explore the effects of one independent variable
B)report the average scores in a sample
C)show the distribution of a sample
D)examine the relationship between two variables

Accepted Answer

Cross-classification tables, also known as contingency tables, are primarily used to examine the relationship between two categorical variables by displaying the frequency of occurrences for each combination of categories.

Question 13

The t test is able to compare two sample means and their variances.

Accepted Answer

The t-test is specifically designed to compare the means of two samples, and it inherently accounts for the variability (variance) in the data through its calculation of the standard error of the difference between the two means.

Question 14

Inferential statistics are the most helpful for researchers who want to summarize their data.

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics are most helpful for summarizing data, as they provide measures of central tendency, variability, and distribution, while inferential statistics are used to make predictions or inferences about a population based on a sample of data.

Question 15

The chi-squared test shows how well a sample represents the associations in the population.

Accepted Answer

The chi-squared test is used to determine whether there is a significant association between two categorical variables in a sample, which can help infer if such an association exists in the population from which the sample was drawn.

Quiz 12: Analyzing Data on Families and Children

Which of the following measures would include the standard deviation of a sample?

Which value shows how likely it would be to obtain research results if they had occurred by chance?

It is easy to find perfect associations in real-world data if the variables are chosen carefully.

When conducting multiple regression analysis, researchers are most likely going to be interested in the ______ value.

If a researcher is interested in how two variables are related to each other, then they will most likely look at the ______.

Which of the following variables are most likely to be included in a cross-classification table?

Lambda and the uncertainty coefficient are most likely reported for variables measured at the ______ level.

______ tells researchers how well they can predict the value of the dependent variable based on the independent variables they have included.

Standard deviation is only applicable to variables that are measured at interval or ratio levels.

The ______ of the sample tells us which score appeared the most.

Why would a researcher use inferential statistics?

Cross-classification tables are used to do which of the following?

The t test is able to compare two sample means and their variances.

Inferential statistics are the most helpful for researchers who want to summarize their data.

The chi-squared test shows how well a sample represents the associations in the population.