Question 1

The component of the nucleus that has mass but no electrical charge is the

Accepted Answer

Neutrons are components of the nucleus that have mass but no electrical charge, distinguishing them from protons, which have both mass and a positive electrical charge, and electrons, which have a negative charge but negligible mass.

Question 2

If an atom has more protons than electrons, it will

Accepted Answer

An atom with more protons than electrons has a positive charge because protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. The excess of protons results in a net positive charge.

Question 3

The earliest atomic theory based on an arrangement similar to the solar system is attributed to

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

The fundamental component of the atom that has the smallest mass is the

Accepted Answer

Electrons have the smallest mass among the components of an atom, significantly less than that of protons and neutrons.

Question 5

The mass of an atom is primarily due to the mass of the

Accepted Answer

The mass of an atom is primarily due to its nucleus, which contains the protons and neutrons. Electrons contribute very little to the atom's overall mass.

Question 6

The atomic nucleus contains

Accepted Answer

The atomic nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons, collectively known as nucleons. Electrons orbit around the nucleus and are not part of it.

Question 7

A positive ion is

Accepted Answer

A positive ion, also known as a cation, is formed when an atom loses one or more electrons, resulting in more protons than electrons. This imbalance gives the atom a positive charge.

Question 8

When an atom becomes negatively or positively charged it is usually due to a change in the number of

Accepted Answer

When an atom becomes negatively or positively charged, it is due to a change in the number of electrons. Gaining electrons results in a negative charge, while losing electrons results in a positive charge. The number of protons and neutrons typically remains constant in these processes.

Question 9

The most commonly known modern atomic theory was developed by

Accepted Answer

The modern atomic theory was developed by Niels Bohr in 1913. Bohr's model of the atom is based on the idea that electrons orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levels.

Question 10

The component of the nucleus that has a positive charge and mass is the

Accepted Answer

Protons are the positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom and they have mass, distinguishing them from electrons, which have a negative charge and negligible mass, and neutrons, which have no charge but do have mass.

Question 11

If an atom has the same number of electrons and protons it will

Accepted Answer

Atoms with the same number of electrons and protons are electrically neutral because the positive charge of the protons balances out the negative charge of the electrons.

Question 12

A negative ion is

Accepted Answer

Negative ions have more electrons than protons, which gives them a net negative charge.

Question 13

The three fundamental particles of the atom are the

Accepted Answer

The three fundamental particles of an atom are the neutron, electron, and proton. These particles make up the basic structure of an atom, with electrons orbiting the nucleus, which is composed of protons and neutrons.

Question 14

The force that holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus is the

Accepted Answer

Nuclear binding energy is the energy that holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom. It is responsible for the stability of the nucleus and is released during nuclear fusion and fission processes.

Question 15

The word atom is derived from the Greek word atomos, meaning

Accepted Answer

The word "atom" comes from the Greek word "atomos," which means "indivisible." This reflects the ancient belief that atoms were the smallest possible units of matter that could not be divided further.

Question 16

If an atom has more electrons than protons, it will

Accepted Answer

An atom with more electrons than protons has a negative charge because electrons are negatively charged, and having more electrons than protons results in a net negative charge.

Question 17

The "plum pudding model" is associated with

Accepted Answer

The "plum pudding model" was proposed by J.J. Thomson in 1904. It described the atom as a sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded within it, similar to plums in a pudding.

Question 18

In the early 1800s English chemist John Dalton theorized that

Accepted Answer

John Dalton's atomic theory, proposed in the early 19th century, included the ideas that elements are composed of atoms, atoms of a given element are identical in size and mass, and chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms. These concepts are foundational to modern chemistry.

Question 19

Discovery of the electron is attributed to

Accepted Answer

J.J. Thomson is credited with the discovery of the electron in 1897 through his cathode ray experiments, which demonstrated that atoms contained smaller, negatively charged particles.

Question 20

The earliest atomic theory is generally associated with

Accepted Answer

The answer of The earliest atomic theory is generally associated...

Quiz 2: Structure of the Atom