A Researcher Is Applying for Institutional Review Board (IRB) Approval

A researcher is applying for Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, and the form specifies that the researcher indicate the probable level of risk. The research creates situations in which the participants, registered nurses, are placed in unusual code-like situations in which they do not know what action to take, and actors play the parts of other healthcare providers. The participants are then asked to describe their feelings in the scenarios, and their levels of confidence as they go through 15 scenarios. What level of risk does this study pose?

A) No anticipated effects
B) Temporary discomfort
C) Unusual discomfort
D) Risk of permanent harm