Question 1

Citric acid is produced by oranges. When citric acid dissolves in water, it produces a relatively small number of hydronium ions. Citric acid is best described as a

Accepted Answer

Citric acid is a weak acid because it only partially dissociates in water, meaning it produces a relatively small number of hydronium ions. Strong acids, on the other hand, completely dissociate in water and produce a large number of hydronium ions.

Question 2

In the balanced chemical reaction for the neutralization of calcium hydroxide with sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄, the coefficient of water is

Accepted Answer

The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 → CaSO4 + 2H2O, which shows that the coefficient of water (H2O) is 2.

Question 3

In the balanced chemical reaction for the neutralization of calcium hydroxide with nitric acid, HNO₃, the coefficient of nitric acid is

Accepted Answer

The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) with nitric acid (HNO3) is Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O. This shows that 2 moles of nitric acid are required to neutralize 1 mole of calcium hydroxide, making the correct coefficient 2.

Question 4

An acid is strong if it

Accepted Answer

A strong acid is one that ionizes completely in water, meaning that all of its molecules dissociate into ions. This is what makes it effective at reacting with other substances and changing the pH of a solution. The other choices (A, B, and D) do not necessarily indicate the strength of an acid.

Question 5

Which is a weak base in aqueous solution?

Accepted Answer

NH₃ (ammonia, NH3) is a weak base because it partially dissociates in water to form OH- ions, unlike strong bases which dissociate completely.

Question 6

Hydrocyanic acid is classified as a weak acid in water. This means that it produces

Accepted Answer

A weak acid only partially ionizes in water, meaning it produces a relatively small fraction of the maximum number of possible hydronium ions.

Question 7

When an aqueous solution containing hydrochloric acid is just neutralized with an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide, the solution would taste

Accepted Answer

When hydrochloric acid is neutralized with sodium hydroxide, it forms sodium chloride and water. Sodium chloride is a salt, so the solution would taste salty.

Question 8

When a metal oxide is added to water, it will form a(n)

Accepted Answer

When a metal oxide is added to water, it will form a basic solution, which means it will produce OH- ions. Hence, the correct choice is B – base.

Question 9

Ammonia is classified as a weak base in water. This means that it produces

Accepted Answer

A weak base partially dissociates in water, producing a relatively small fraction of the maximum possible hydroxide ions. Ammonia reacts with water to form ammonium ions and hydroxide ions, but the equilibrium favors the reactants, resulting in a small amount of hydroxide ions present in the solution.

Question 10

In the balanced chemical reaction for the neutralization of sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄, the coefficient of water is

Accepted Answer

The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O, which shows that the coefficient of water (H2O) is 2.

Question 11

A weak base

Accepted Answer

A weak base only ionizes slightly in solution, meaning it does not fully dissociate into its constituent ions. This is in contrast to a strong base, which ionizes completely in solution. The concentration of a weak base in solution does not determine whether it is weak or strong.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the neutralization of barium hydroxide with sulfuric acid?

Accepted Answer

The correct balanced equation is Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2 H2O. This equation is balanced because the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

Question 13

Give an example of an amphiprotic compound.

Accepted Answer

An amphiprotic compound is capable of donating or accepting a proton. Water is an example of an amphiprotic compound because it can act as a base by accepting a proton to form hydronium ion (H3O+) or as an acid by donating a proton to form hydroxide ion (OH-).

Question 14

Lithium hydroxide is classified as a strong base in water. This means that it produces

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lithium hydroxide is classified as a strong...

Question 15

The same number of moles of acetic acid and hydrogen chloride are placed in beakers containing water. After this addition, the beaker with the HCl has more hydronium ions than the beaker with added acetic acid. HCl is classified as

Accepted Answer

HCl is a stronger acid than acetic acid, meaning it ionizes more completely in water to produce hydronium ions. This results in more hydronium ions in the beaker containing HCl compared to the beaker containing acetic acid.

Question 16

A ruptured tank in Anywhere, USA spilled hydrochloric acid. Officials were reported to be "concerned that the acid might mix with sodium hydroxide - caustic soda - in a neighboring tank and form a toxic gas." What toxic gas would be formed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ruptured tank in Anywhere, USA spilled...

Question 17

Hydroiodic acid is classified as a strong acid in water. This means that it produces

Accepted Answer

Strong acids in water dissociate completely, meaning hydroiodic acid would produce 100% of the maximum number of possible hydronium ions.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the neutralization of barium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

The correct balanced equation for the neutralization of barium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid is Ba(OH)2 + 2 HCl → BaCl2 + 2 H2O, which matches choice A when the subscript formatting is interpreted correctly.

Question 19

A nonmetal oxide is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

Nonmetal oxides are generally acidic in nature and are referred to as acidic anhydrides because they react with water to form acids. Examples include carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Basic anhydrides are metal oxides that form bases when they react with water. Neutral compounds have no acid or base properties, and salts are formed from the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base.

Question 20

All of the following are strong acids EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Hydrocyanic acid is a weak acid.

Quiz 7: Acids and Bases