In the Context of the Primary Value Chain Functions, Which

In the context of the primary value chain functions, which of the following is a difference between the functions of research and development (R&D) and production?

A) For physical products, R&D means manufacturing, whereas for physical processes, production involves developing new services.
B) R&D is a process that is responsible for coming up with ideas for new production processes, whereas production is the function that actually provides a service.
C) R&D involves dealing with distribution channels, whereas production involves finding the right market niches and promoting them in those markets.
D) By differentiating through brand positioning, R&D increases the perceived value of a product, whereas production helps a company coordinate communication across functions with an organization.