Which element of expectancy theory could be phrased as the question, "Is the outcome I get of any value to me?"
A) expectancy
B) instrumentality
C) effort
D) valence

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Valence refers to the value an individual places on the rewards of an outcome, which directly relates to the question of whether the outcome is of any value to the individual.

Which Element of Expectancy Theory Could Be Phrased as the Question