Question 1

Which of the following seems to have undercut the expansion of postmodern values, particularly in Western Europe?
A)immigration
B)technophobia
C)pacifism
D)the Internet

Accepted Answer

Immigration, particularly from non-Western countries, has led to cultural clashes and pushed back against the spread of postmodern values in Western Europe. Immigrants often hold more traditional beliefs and values, which can contradict postmodern ones. Technophobia, pacifism, and the Internet do not have as direct of an impact on the expansion of postmodern values.

Question 2

Postindustrialism is most likely to threaten the economic security of
A)the very rich.
B)those living in rural areas.
C)workers in the service industries.
D)the less educated.

Accepted Answer

Postindustrialism involves a shift towards a knowledge-based economy, which may require higher education and specialized skills. This would likely disadvantage those who are less educated, as their skills may become obsolete or less in demand. The other options do not necessarily have the same degree of threat from postindustrialism.

Question 3

Which is the better approach to dealing with immigration: multiculturalism or assimilation? Why? What are the benefits and drawbacks of each?

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

The viability of the welfare state is most challenged by
A)the growth of the service sector.
B)the growth of postmodern values.
C)increasingly young populations.
D)increasingly old populations.

Accepted Answer

As populations age and live longer, the costs of providing healthcare and pensions increase significantly. This can lead to a strain on the resources of the welfare state and may make it difficult to provide adequate support for all those in need.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about European Union expansion in recent decades is accurate?
A)Expansion has resulted in a population shift to the north and east.
B)Expansion has been accompanied by immigration westward and company relocation eastward.
C)Most new members are able to add significant wealth that props up the welfare systems of original members.
D)Turkey has begun negotiations to become a future member, though if accepted it would be one of the smaller and poorer states.

Accepted Answer

European Union expansion has been accompanied by increased immigration westward and company relocation eastward. In addition, the expansion has resulted in a population shift to the north and east. However, it is not accurate to say that most new members are able to significantly contribute to the welfare systems of original members. Turkey has indeed begun negotiations to become a future member, but it would not be one of the smaller and poorer states as it has a large population and economy.

Question 6

How should developed democracies address the problem of maintaining social expenditures as their populations grow older? Should benefits be reduced? Should immigration be increased?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Which of the following describes a likely characteristic of postindustrial societies?
A)more devolution of economic power
B)a more rigid hierarchy in private firms
C)improved ability to prevent economic downturns
D)a major proportion of the economy devoted to manufacture of tech equipment like computers

Accepted Answer

Postindustrial societies often rely more on knowledge and service-based industries rather than manufacturing, leading to a devolution of economic power away from traditional industrial sectors.

Question 8

Japan provides a uniquely extreme example of which of the following issues in the transition of developed democracies?
A)an aging population and homogeneity that threatens the welfare state
B)devolution that has reduced national sovereignty
C)regional integration that has reduced national sovereignty
D)a focus on individual freedom that has resulted in much reduced collective equality

Accepted Answer

Japan's aging population and homogeneity pose a threat to its welfare state. Its rapidly aging population puts pressure on the country's social security system and there is a lack of immigrants to balance the declining workforce. Additionally, Japan's ethnic homogeneity creates challenges for assimilating newcomers and diversifying the population. These challenges are not unique to Japan, but are especially pronounced in the country's case.

Question 9

What is devolution, and what are the benefits or dangers of such a policy? Provide at least one real-world example of devolution.

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Which of the following statements describes a major contradiction faced by developed democracies in their attempts to maintain the welfare state?
A)The problem could be mitigated by accepting more immigrants, but that creates a new problem because citizens are largely unwilling to extend benefits to immigrants.
B)One possible solution is to cut back on benefits, but benefits have already decreased as revenues have shrunk, and yet the problem has not diminished.
C)Expanding the labor market through measures like increased retirement age is a potential solution, but so far advanced democracies have only proved to be willing to shrink the labor market.
D)A shift back to industrial labor would provide more concrete employment and benefits for many, but such a move would reduce the overall revenue of the state.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements describes a...

Question 11

What is the problem with using the first, second, and third world designations to classify the countries of the world? When applying the terms "developed democracies," "communist and postcommunist countries," and "developing countries," what measures can be employed to determine which countries are "developed"?

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

What is integration and what are the benefits or dangers of such a policy? Provide at least one real-world example of integration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is integration and what are the...

Question 13

Skepticism toward technological innovation characterizes _______ views.
A)modern
B)quasi-modern
C)postmodern
D)religious

Accepted Answer

Postmodernism is a philosophical movement that challenges the traditional assumptions of modernity, including its faith in technological progress. Postmodern skepticism toward technological innovation is based on the recognition that technology can have negative and unintended consequences, and that its benefits are often distributed unevenly across society. Modernism, on the other hand, is characterized by a belief in the power of reason and science to solve problems and improve human life, and is generally more optimistic about the potential of technology. Religious views may vary widely on the subject of technology, and quasi-modern is not a recognized philosophical category.

Question 14

In which of the following countries is increased multiculturalism most likely to be a source of explosive fear and negative reaction?
A)the United States
B)Australia
C)Canada
D)France

Accepted Answer

France has a history of strong national identity and resistance to cultural assimilation, which may lead to negative reactions towards increased multiculturalism. Additionally, France has experienced tensions and extremist attacks related to differences in religion and cultural background. While the other countries listed also have their own challenges with multiculturalism, they may be less likely to result in explosive fear and negative reaction.

Question 15

An economy based primarily on the service sector is known as
A)postcapitalist.
B)postindustrial.
C)precapitalist.
D)postsocialist.

Accepted Answer

A postindustrial economy is characterized by the service sector being the primary source of economic growth and development, as opposed to traditional manufacturing or agriculture. This shift is often attributed to advancements in technology and globalization which have increased the importance of knowledge-based services over physical goods production.

Quiz 7: Developed Democracies

Which of the following seems to have undercut the expansion of postmodern values, particularly in Western Europe?

Postindustrialism is most likely to threaten the economic security of

Which is the better approach to dealing with immigration: multiculturalism or assimilation? Why? What are the benefits and drawbacks of each?

The viability of the welfare state is most challenged by

Which of the following statements about European Union expansion in recent decades is accurate?

How should developed democracies address the problem of maintaining social expenditures as their populations grow older? Should benefits be reduced? Should immigration be increased?

Which of the following describes a likely characteristic of postindustrial societies?

Japan provides a uniquely extreme example of which of the following issues in the transition of developed democracies?

What is devolution, and what are the benefits or dangers of such a policy? Provide at least one real-world example of devolution.

Which of the following statements describes a major contradiction faced by developed democracies in their attempts to maintain the welfare state?

What is integration and what are the benefits or dangers of such a policy? Provide at least one real-world example of integration.

Skepticism toward technological innovation characterizes _______ views.

In which of the following countries is increased multiculturalism most likely to be a source of explosive fear and negative reaction?

An economy based primarily on the service sector is known as