Question 1

One of the first changes in viewing correctional staff in the 1970s was the adoption of the term "correctional officer" rather than "guard."

Accepted Answer

This change reflected a shift in perspective towards a more professional and rehabilitative approach in the correctional system, emphasizing the role of staff in assisting with the rehabilitation of inmates rather than merely guarding them.

Question 2

The United States has the highest imprisonment rate in the world.

Accepted Answer

The United States has the highest number of incarcerated individuals per capita compared to any other country, making its imprisonment rate the highest globally.

Question 3

Among the dilemmas of housing mentally ill inmates is that they are often serving long sentences and are violent.

Accepted Answer

The question states that mentally ill inmates are often serving long sentences and are violent. This is a true statement.

Question 4

What entity reviews the prisoner's plans and progress, oversees their reentry, and ensures that they participate in transitional programs?

Accepted Answer

Reentry courts specifically focus on reviewing prisoners' plans and progress, overseeing their reentry into society, and ensuring their participation in transitional programs. These courts aim to facilitate a smoother transition for individuals leaving incarceration.

Question 5

The process of socialization and adjusting to prison's subculture is referred to as prisonization.

Accepted Answer

Prisonization refers to the process by which inmates adapt to prison life, including adopting the norms, values, and behaviors of the prison subculture as a means of survival and adjustment.

Question 6

The Pennsylvania plan established a zero-tolerance policy toward drug use in prisons and utilized prosecution of those inmates caught with drugs.

Accepted Answer

The Pennsylvania plan was indeed focused on establishing a zero-tolerance policy towards drug use within prisons, including the prosecution of inmates found in possession of drugs, as part of a broader strategy to combat drug abuse and related criminal activities within the penal system.

Question 7

Which of the following is a right granted to prisoners as a result of the Wolff v.McDonnell Supreme Court decision?

Accepted Answer

The Wolff v. McDonnell Supreme Court decision established that prisoners have the right to call witnesses and to present documentary evidence in their defense during disciplinary hearings, ensuring a fairer process for inmates facing disciplinary actions.

Question 8

What was a concern by judicial proponents of the "hands-off doctrine" regarding prisoner rights?

Accepted Answer

The "hands-off doctrine" reflected a belief that courts should not interfere with prison administration. Proponents were concerned that judicial decisions by those not trained in the specifics of prison management (penology) could disrupt the discipline and order necessary within the prison system.

Question 9

Studies show that parolees who have taken advantage of prison-based correctional programming and aftercare programs have lower recidivism rates.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that parolees who participate in prison-based correctional programs and continue with aftercare programs upon release tend to have lower rates of recidivism, as these programs often provide them with the skills, support, and resources needed to reintegrate into society successfully.

Question 10

Prison gang's members often continue their operations outside of the penal system.

Accepted Answer

Many prison gang members maintain their criminal activities and gang affiliations outside of prison, often extending their operations and influence into communities through networks formed in prison.

Question 11

Prison gangs account for at least half of all prison problems.

Accepted Answer

Prison gangs are a significant source of violence and other forms of misconduct within prisons, often controlling drug trade, extortion, and influencing both the inmate population and, in some cases, the prison staff, thereby contributing to a substantial portion of prison problems.

Question 12

The "hands-off" policy regarding prison administration refers to ______.

Accepted Answer

The "hands-off" policy refers to the judiciary's historical stance of non-intervention in the administration of prisons, leaving decisions and management to the discretion of prison officials, such as the warden. This policy was based on the principle that courts lacked the expertise and resources to manage prisons.

Question 13

If an inmate alleges that excessive force was used against them, courts will find in their favor if the inmate sustained serious injuries, even if the force was applied in good faith to restore order.

Accepted Answer

Courts evaluate the claim of excessive force based on the need for the application of force, the relationship between the need and the amount of force used, the threat reasonably perceived by the responsible officials, and any efforts made to temper the severity of a forceful response, not solely on the presence of serious injuries.

Question 14

The courts have always had a "hands-on" philosophy regarding prison administration, knowing that the deprivation of liberty is a profoundly important authority that might lead to abuses of power within penal institutions.

Accepted Answer

Courts traditionally have adopted a "hands-off" approach to prison administration, largely due to the principle of separation of powers and a belief that corrections officials are better suited to make decisions about the operation of prisons. This approach has evolved over time, especially with the advent of civil rights litigation, but historically, courts were reluctant to interfere in prison management.

Question 15

The phrase "deliberate indifference" refers to what practice in prisons?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The phrase "deliberate indifference" refers to what...

Question 16

Why is it imperative for prisons to focus on providing correctional programming such as drug treatment and vocational training?

Accepted Answer

Correctional programming such as drug treatment and vocational training is crucial because it reduces recidivism, meaning fewer prisoners reoffend and return to prison after their release. This ultimately contributes to public safety and reduces the overall prison population.

Question 17

Of all sources of stress for correctional officers, they actually experience very little related to inmates; it is more related to stress from organizational factors such as unreasonable supervisors and low wages.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of all sources of stress for correctional...

Question 18

In Bounds v.Smith, the Court found that prisoners have a right to access to adequate law libraries or assistance from people trained in the law.Which of the following is an example of an alternative method for providing this access?

Accepted Answer

Training inmates as paralegals is an alternative method for providing prisoners access to the courts, as it equips them with the knowledge and skills to assist themselves and others with legal matters, aligning with the principle established in Bounds v. Smith.

Question 19

What process involves providing services to, and supervision for, paroled inmates attempting to reintegrate into the community?

Accepted Answer

Reentry and aftercare specifically refer to the process of providing services and supervision to paroled inmates to help them reintegrate into the community successfully.

Question 20

Most prisons are said to provide inmates with a comfortable lifestyle.

Accepted Answer

Most prisons are designed for security and containment rather than comfort, often providing minimal amenities and facing criticism for their living conditions.

Quiz 13: The Inmates World: the Keepers and the Kept