Which of the following is an assumption that must hold for large-scale association studies to be successful?

Question

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Large-scale association studies, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), rely on the assumption that the mutation giving rise to the risk allele occurred only once. This assumption is crucial for the success of these studies because it underpins the use of linkage disequilibrium to map disease-associated alleles to specific regions of the genome. The other options are not assumptions that must hold for these studies to be successful.

Which of the Following Is an Assumption That Must Hold