Question 1

With regard to fluid and crystallized intelligence, research has concluded that

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence, which involves the use of learned knowledge and experience, tends to remain stable or even improve with age, while fluid intelligence, which involves the ability to think and reason abstractly and solve problems, tends to decline.

Question 2

Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence would be considered to be which type of theory?

Accepted Answer

Howard Gardner's theory is known for proposing the concept of multiple intelligences, suggesting that there are distinct types of intelligence that are independent of each other.

Question 3

Researchers who are affiliated with the cognitive processes approach to intelligence

Accepted Answer

Researchers affiliated with the cognitive processes approach focus on understanding the specific thought processes that underlie mental abilities, rather than just measuring intelligence or determining its structure.

Question 4

Charles Spearman's g factor conception of intelligence and L.L. Thurstone's primary mental abilities conception of intelligence are similar in that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Charles Spearman's g factor conception of intelligence...

Question 5

Which of the following was mentioned as initially giving rise to L.L. Thurstone's theory of primary mental abilities?

Accepted Answer

Thurstone's theory of primary mental abilities was a reaction to his observation that the correlations among different mental tasks measured on IQ tests were lower than what would be expected if a single general intelligence factor (g) were to explain cognitive abilities. This led him to propose that intelligence is better understood as multiple distinct abilities rather than a single general ability.

Question 6

Many critics have asserted that three of Howard Gardner's types of intelligence are not really part of intelligence at all. These three types are

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences includes various types of intelligence, among which musical, bodily-kinesthetic, and personal (interpersonal and intrapersonal) intelligences are often debated. Critics argue these do not fit the traditional view of intelligence because they extend beyond cognitive abilities to include talents and personal skills.

Question 7

Elizabeth is taking a psychology class because she wants to learn more about herself and who she truly is. According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, Elizabeth will be relying on her _____________ intelligence to do this.

Accepted Answer

According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, intrapersonal intelligence refers to the ability to understand oneself, including one's emotions, motivations, and inner states. This is the type of intelligence Elizabeth would be using to learn more about herself.

Question 8

According to the text, the argument that intelligence consists of a single general ability factor was first advanced by

Accepted Answer

Charles Spearman was the first to advance the argument that intelligence consists of a single general ability factor, which he referred to as the "g factor."

Question 9

A study of the structure of the intellect and determining such things as the number of mental abilities responsible for test performance is the focus of the ____________ approach to intelligence.

Accepted Answer

The psychometric approach to intelligence focuses on measuring mental abilities through psychological tests, aiming to quantify and understand the structure of intellect, including the identification of various mental abilities that contribute to test performance.

Question 10

In Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities, the top or third stratum of the model contains

Accepted Answer

The top or third stratum of Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities contains a general intelligence factor, often referred to as the g factor, which represents overall cognitive ability.

Question 11

Compared to other existing theories of intelligence, Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is most unique in that

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory is unique because it expands the concept of intelligence to include non-traditional abilities like musical talents and interpersonal skills, unlike other theories that focus more on cognitive aspects.

Question 12

Which of the following examples of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences is measured by standard or more traditional intelligence tests?

Accepted Answer

Visual-spatial intelligence is most closely related to the types of skills and abilities that traditional intelligence tests (IQ tests) measure, such as pattern recognition, spatial judgment, and the ability to visualize with the mind's eye.

Question 13

An exceptional hockey player like Sidney Crosby would, according to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, not only have high bodily kinesthetic intelligence but also likely have high ________ intelligence to be able to keep track of the other players on the ice, and predict and understand the movement of the puck.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences suggests that visuospatial intelligence is crucial for understanding and predicting spatial relationships and the movement of objects in space, which is essential for a hockey player to navigate the ice, keep track of other players, and anticipate the puck's trajectory.

Question 14

Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities is considered to be which type of theory?

Accepted Answer

Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities is a psychometric theory that categorizes cognitive abilities into three levels or strata: general intelligence, broad abilities, and narrow abilities. It is based on the analysis of data from intelligence tests and other assessments, fitting into the psychometric tradition of measuring psychological traits.

Question 15

Similar to an achievement test that measures facts and knowledge you have already learned, this is a measure of the ability to apply previously learned information to current problems. This measure is called

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to the ability to use knowledge, facts, and skills that one has acquired through experience and education, making it similar to an achievement test.

Question 16

Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities is an integrative model of intelligence that contains elements from which three theorists?

Accepted Answer

Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities integrates elements from Spearman's g factor, Thurstone's primary mental abilities, and the Cattell-Horn theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT one of Gardner's multiple intelligences?

Accepted Answer

Artistic intelligence is not one of the types of intelligence proposed by Howard Gardner in his theory of multiple intelligences. Gardner's theory includes musical, intrapersonal, and naturalistic intelligences, among others, but does not specifically categorize an "artistic" intelligence. Instead, artistic abilities could be seen as part of spatial or bodily-kinesthetic intelligences in his framework.

Question 18

In Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities, crystallized and fluid intelligence are considered part of the

Accepted Answer

Crystallized and fluid intelligence are considered part of the Broad Stratum II in Carroll's three-stratum theory of cognitive abilities. Stratum II encompasses broad abilities that include various forms of reasoning, memory, and speed of processing, among which crystallized (Gc) and fluid (Gf) intelligence are key components.

Question 19

Similar to an aptitude test that measures your ability to learn things in the future, a measure of the ability to deal with novel problems, reasoning abstractly, and thinking logically is called ________________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. It involves the ability to analyze novel problems, identify patterns and relationships that underpin these problems, and the extrapolation of these using logic. This is distinct from crystallized intelligence, which is based on the facts and experiences that one has accumulated over time.

Question 20

The ability to apply previously learned knowledge to current problems, which involves retrieving both factual knowledge and problem-solving schemas from long term memory, is called

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to the ability to use learned knowledge and experience. This includes the retrieval of factual information and problem-solving schemas from long-term memory to apply to current problems.

Quiz 10: Intelligence