Question 1

_____ is the tendency of a substance to interact with other substances because of intermolecular forces.

Accepted Answer

Adhesion is the tendency of a substance to interact with other substances due to intermolecular forces.

Question 2

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding environmental pressure is called the _____.

Accepted Answer

The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals the surrounding environmental pressure, causing the liquid to boil.

Question 3

Certain liquids tend to bead up when present in small amounts. What is the reason for this?

Accepted Answer

High surface tension causes liquids to bead up because the cohesive forces within the liquid are stronger than the adhesive forces between the liquid and the surface, leading to the formation of droplets.

Question 4

Which of the following terms refer to the solid-to-gas change of compounds?

Accepted Answer

Sublimation is the process where a solid changes directly into a gas without going through a liquid phase.

Question 5

Which of the following is a major similarity between solids and liquids?

Accepted Answer

The particles in both solids and liquids are in close contact with each other, which distinguishes them from gases, where particles are far apart. This proximity allows for the various interactions that define the properties of solids and liquids.

Question 6

A(n) _____ solid is a solid that has a regular, repeating three-dimensional structure.

Accepted Answer

A crystalline solid has a regular, repeating three-dimensional structure, which distinguishes it from amorphous solids that lack such order.

Question 7

By referring to the plots of vapor pressure versus temperature provided in the text, identify the likely boiling point of water at 600 torr vapor pressure.

Accepted Answer

The boiling point of water at 600 torr vapor pressure is approximately 92°C.

Question 8

Which of the following is considered the reverse process of vaporization?

Accepted Answer

Condensation is the process where vapor turns back into liquid, making it the reverse of vaporization.

Question 9

The normal vapor pressure is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is _____ torr.

Accepted Answer

The normal vapor pressure is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is 760 torr, which is equivalent to 1 atmosphere.

Question 10

When a liquid is introduced to a small-diameter tube of another substance, the liquid moves up or down in the tube, as if ignoring gravity. Which of the following terms specifically refers to this action?

Accepted Answer

Capillary action is the term that specifically refers to the movement of liquid through a small-diameter tube or porous material due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension, making the liquid move in a way that seems to defy gravity.

Question 11

_____ is responsible for the fact that small insects can "walk" on water.

Accepted Answer

Surface tension is responsible for the phenomenon where small insects can "walk" on water. It is due to the cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the surface, creating a sort of 'film' that can support the weight of small insects without breaking.

Question 12

What is the energy change when 72 g of H₂O(g) condense to a liquid at 373 K? (ΔH_vap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

The energy change is calculated using the formula: Energy change = moles × ΔHvap. First, calculate the moles of water: 72 g / 18 g/mol = 4 moles. Then, multiply by ΔHvap: 4 moles × 40.68 kJ/mol = 162.72 kJ, which is approximately 160 kJ.

Question 13

Identify the term that refers to the gas-to-solid change of compounds.

Accepted Answer

Deposition is the phase transition in which gas transforms directly into solid without passing through the liquid phase.

Question 14

The ΔH_vap for water is 40.68 kJ/mol and the ΔH_fusis 6.010 kJ/mol. Calculate the ΔH_sub.

Accepted Answer

The ΔH_sub is the sum of ΔH_vap and ΔH_fus, so 40.68 kJ/mol + 6.010 kJ/mol = 46.69 kJ/mol.

Question 15

The formation of a gas from a liquid at temperatures below the boiling point is called _____.

Accepted Answer

Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into a gas at temperatures below its boiling point, typically occurring on the surface of the liquid.

Question 16

_____ is the tendency of a substance to interact with itself.

Accepted Answer

Cohesion refers to the tendency of molecules of the same substance to stick together or interact with themselves. This is a fundamental property observed in liquids, such as water, where it contributes to phenomena like water droplets forming and the ability of some insects to walk on water.

Question 17

Liquids form spheres in free fall or zero gravity. Which of the following is the reason for this behavior?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension causes liquids to minimize their surface area in a free-fall or zero-gravity environment, resulting in the formation of spheres.

Question 18

The energy change occurring is 2.10 kJ when_____ of H₂O(g) condenses to a liquid at 100°C. (ΔH_vap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The energy change occurring is 2.10 kJ...

Question 19

What is the energy change when 565 g of C₂H₅OH boil at its normal boiling point of 78.3°C? (ΔH_vap for ethanol = 38.6 kJ/mol; molar mass of C₂H₅OH = 46.0 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the energy change when 565...

Question 20

A(n) _____ solid is a solid with no long-term structure or repetition.

Accepted Answer

Amorphous solids lack a long-range order or repeating pattern in their structure, which distinguishes them from crystalline solids that have a well-defined, repeating arrangement of atoms or molecules.

Quiz 10: Solids and Liquids

_____ is the tendency of a substance to interact with other substances because of intermolecular forces.

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding environmental pressure is called the _____.

Certain liquids tend to bead up when present in small amounts. What is the reason for this?

Which of the following terms refer to the solid-to-gas change of compounds?

Which of the following is a major similarity between solids and liquids?

A(n) _____ solid is a solid that has a regular, repeating three-dimensional structure.

By referring to the plots of vapor pressure versus temperature provided in the text, identify the likely boiling point of water at 600 torr vapor pressure.

Which of the following is considered the reverse process of vaporization?

The normal vapor pressure is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is _____ torr.

When a liquid is introduced to a small-diameter tube of another substance, the liquid moves up or down in the tube, as if ignoring gravity. Which of the following terms specifically refers to this action?

_____ is responsible for the fact that small insects can "walk" on water.

What is the energy change when 72 g of H₂O(g) condense to a liquid at 373 K? (ΔH_vap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol)

Identify the term that refers to the gas-to-solid change of compounds.

The ΔH_vap for water is 40.68 kJ/mol and the ΔH_fusis 6.010 kJ/mol. Calculate the ΔH_sub.

The formation of a gas from a liquid at temperatures below the boiling point is called _____.

_____ is the tendency of a substance to interact with itself.

Liquids form spheres in free fall or zero gravity. Which of the following is the reason for this behavior?

The energy change occurring is 2.10 kJ when_____ of H₂O(g) condenses to a liquid at 100°C. (ΔH_vap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol) .

What is the energy change when 565 g of C₂H₅OH boil at its normal boiling point of 78.3°C? (ΔH_vap for ethanol = 38.6 kJ/mol; molar mass of C₂H₅OH = 46.0 g/mol)

A(n) _____ solid is a solid with no long-term structure or repetition.

Quiz 10: Solids and Liquids

_____ is the tendency of a substance to interact with other substances because of intermolecular forces.

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding environmental pressure is called the _____.

Certain liquids tend to bead up when present in small amounts. What is the reason for this?

Which of the following terms refer to the solid-to-gas change of compounds?

Which of the following is a major similarity between solids and liquids?

A(n) _____ solid is a solid that has a regular, repeating three-dimensional structure.

By referring to the plots of vapor pressure versus temperature provided in the text, identify the likely boiling point of water at 600 torr vapor pressure.

Which of the following is considered the reverse process of vaporization?

The normal vapor pressure is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is _____ torr.

When a liquid is introduced to a small-diameter tube of another substance, the liquid moves up or down in the tube, as if ignoring gravity. Which of the following terms specifically refers to this action?

_____ is responsible for the fact that small insects can "walk" on water.

What is the energy change when 72 g of H2O (g) condense to a liquid at 373 K? (ΔHvap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H2O = 18 g/mol)

Identify the term that refers to the gas-to-solid change of compounds.

The ΔHvap for water is 40.68 kJ/mol and the ΔHfus is 6.010 kJ/mol. Calculate the ΔHsub.

The formation of a gas from a liquid at temperatures below the boiling point is called _____.

_____ is the tendency of a substance to interact with itself.

Liquids form spheres in free fall or zero gravity. Which of the following is the reason for this behavior?

The energy change occurring is 2.10 kJ when_____ of H2O (g) condenses to a liquid at 100°C. (ΔHvap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H2O = 18 g/mol) .

What is the energy change when 565 g of C2H5OH boil at its normal boiling point of 78.3°C? (ΔHvap for ethanol = 38.6 kJ/mol; molar mass of C2H5OH = 46.0 g/mol)

A(n) _____ solid is a solid with no long-term structure or repetition.

What is the energy change when 72 g of H₂O(g) condense to a liquid at 373 K? (ΔH_vap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol)

The ΔH_vap for water is 40.68 kJ/mol and the ΔH_fusis 6.010 kJ/mol. Calculate the ΔH_sub.

The energy change occurring is 2.10 kJ when_____ of H₂O(g) condenses to a liquid at 100°C. (ΔH_vap of water = 40.68 kJ/mol; molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol) .

What is the energy change when 565 g of C₂H₅OH boil at its normal boiling point of 78.3°C? (ΔH_vap for ethanol = 38.6 kJ/mol; molar mass of C₂H₅OH = 46.0 g/mol)