Some Multinationals Still Pay a Premium or Incentive to the Expatriate

Some multinationals still pay a premium or incentive to the expatriate for taking the foreign assignment (often ranging between 10%-30% of base pay) and they may also receive hardship pay if posted to locations where living conditions are more difficult than in the home country because of which of the following?

A) Extreme weather, civil unrest, and violence aimed at foreigners
B) Civil unrest and violence aimed at foreigners, limited access to common goods and services
C) Limited access to common goods and services, extreme weather, civil unrest and violence aimed at foreigners
D) None of the above