Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection that may be associated with one of several predisposing factors. These include all the following except:

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Oral candidiasis, also known as thrush, is a fungal infection caused by Candida species. It is often associated with predisposing factors that disrupt the normal oral microbiota or impair the immune response, allowing for fungal overgrowth. Prolonged use of oral topical corticosteroids, therapeutic irradiation, antibiotic therapy, and AIDS are all known to predispose individuals to oral candidiasis by either altering the oral microbial environment or compromising the immune system. Smokeless tobacco use, however, is not directly associated with an increased risk of oral candidiasis.

Oral Candidiasis Is an Opportunistic Infection That May Be Associated