Question 1

Kelly's pain therapy includes exercise, traction, and massage. Kelly is most probably seeing a person who specializes in

Accepted Answer

The treatments mentioned—exercise, traction, and massage—are commonly used in physical therapy to manage pain and improve physical function, which suggests that Kelly is seeing a physical therapist.

Question 2

Most backaches are due to which of the following

Accepted Answer

Most backaches can be attributed to a combination of factors including normal wear and tear on joints in the spine, muscle or ligament strains, and lack of exercise. These factors can individually or collectively contribute to back pain.

Question 3

Which of the following pieces of evidence fails to support the idea that acupuncture works due to the power of suggestion

Accepted Answer

The fact that acupuncture can produce analgesia effects in animals, who are not susceptible to suggestion in the same way humans are, suggests that the effectiveness of acupuncture cannot be solely attributed to the power of suggestion.

Question 4

Which of the following is an important determinant in the effectiveness of cognitive methods on pain reduction

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an important...

Question 5

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation it based upon the view that counter‑irritation works on the principles of

Accepted Answer

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is based on the gate-control theory of pain, which suggests that non-painful input closes the "gates" to painful input, preventing pain sensation from traveling to the central nervous system.

Question 6

During painful leg‑strengthening exercises following knee surgery, Marvin continued to tell himself that, "It hurts, but this must be done if I am to walk without a limp." He was using the cognitive strategy of

Accepted Answer

Marvin is using redefinition by changing his interpretation of the pain from being purely negative to a necessary step for recovery, thus altering his perception of the experience.

Question 7

Which statement best summarizes the impact of hypnosis in pain control

Accepted Answer

Hypnosis and relaxation therapy both utilize the individual's level of hypnotic suggestibility to achieve pain relief. This means that the effectiveness of hypnosis in controlling pain is not solely due to deep relaxation or specific cognitive strategies instructed under hypnosis, but rather how susceptible an individual is to hypnotic suggestions. Those who are highly suggestible tend to benefit more from hypnosis or relaxation techniques in managing pain.

Question 8

Imagery differs from distraction in that it is based upon

Accepted Answer

Imagery involves the use of the person's imagination to create mental images or scenarios, which is distinct from distraction techniques that might not necessarily involve imaginative processes.

Question 9

Interpersonal therapy is incorporated in pain treatment programs because

Accepted Answer

Interpersonal therapy helps patients understand the motivations behind their behaviors and how these behaviors impact their relationships and adjustment to their condition, which can be crucial in managing chronic pain and improving overall well-being.

Question 10

Distraction efforts at pain control are most effective when the

Accepted Answer

Distraction efforts are most effective for managing pain when the pain is mild or moderate because the individual can still focus on the distraction. When pain is severe, it might be too overwhelming for distractions to be effective.

Question 11

One of the advantages of imagery over distraction is that

Accepted Answer

Imagery involves creating or recalling a scene in one's mind, which can be a portable and accessible method for managing pain or stress, as it doesn't require any external tools or devices, making it easily carried in one's head.

Question 12

Which of the following is not a class of pain‑coping cognitive strategies

Accepted Answer

Biofeedback is a technique used to help individuals learn to control physiological functions, not a cognitive strategy for coping with pain. Cognitive strategies for pain coping involve mental techniques like distraction, imagery, and redefinition to manage the perception of pain.

Question 13

According to researchers, the most effective cognitive strategy for strong and chronic pain appears to be

Accepted Answer

Redefinition involves changing the way one thinks about pain, which can alter the perception and emotional response to it, making it an effective cognitive strategy for managing strong and chronic pain.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about hypnosis is most accurate

Accepted Answer

Relaxation strategies and hypnosis can both be effective in pain reduction, and for many people, they are equally effective. Hypnosis doesn't work solely through one mechanism like endorphins, and its effectiveness as an anesthetic varies, with some individuals being more susceptible to hypnosis than others.

Question 15

Compare and contrast acute clinical pain with chronic clinical pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast acute clinical pain with...

Question 16

Studies of the relative effects of physical therapy and behavioural/cognitive programs in the treatment of chronic low back pain have shown that

Accepted Answer

Both physical therapy and behavioural/cognitive programs have been found to be effective in the treatment of chronic low back pain, each addressing different aspects of the condition. Physical therapy focuses on the physical rehabilitation of the back, while behavioural/cognitive programs address the psychological aspects, such as coping strategies and mental health.

Question 17

The concept of a "pain game" refers to

Accepted Answer

The concept of a "pain game" refers to playing the role of a "suffering person," where individuals may unconsciously or consciously adopt behaviors that emphasize their pain experience.

Question 18

The basis for stimulation pain‑reduction therapies is the principle of

Accepted Answer

Counter-irritation is a principle used in pain-reduction therapies, where creating a minor irritation or pain in one part of the body can reduce the perception of pain in another part. This approach is based on the idea that the minor irritation can distract the brain or interfere with the transmission of pain signals.

Question 19

Enhancing muscular strength and tissue flexibility to restore range of motion in pain patients is an important goal of

Accepted Answer

Physical therapy focuses on improving physical function through exercises, including those that enhance muscular strength and tissue flexibility, which can help restore range of motion in patients experiencing pain.

Question 20

Ryan thinks about lounging on a beautiful beach to take his mind of the pain of a series of shots at the doctor's office. He is using the cognitive strategy of

Accepted Answer

Ryan is using imagery, which involves creating or recalling mental images or scenarios, to distract himself from the pain. This strategy involves visualizing a pleasant and relaxing scene, like a beach, to focus his mind away from the discomfort.

Quiz 12: Managing and Controlling Clinical Pain