According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by clarifying performance-reward relationships and then living up to them when rewards are actually given for accomplishments.
A) expectancies
B) instrumentalities
C) needs for achievement
D) valences
E) drive to comprehend

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Instrumentalities refer to the perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome. By clarifying the performance-reward relationship and ensuring that rewards are given as promised, managers directly influence workers' beliefs about the connection between their performance and the rewards they receive, which is the essence of instrumentalities in expectancy theory.

According to Expectancy Theory, Managers Can Influence Workers' __________ by Clarifying