Question 1

MATCHING
Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.)
-Passage of a large volume of urine

Accepted Answer

Polyuria is the passage of an abnormally large volume of urine in 24 hours.

Answer: B
 Oliguria or hypouresis is the passage of a decreased volume of urine in 24 hours.

Answer: D
 Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine.

Answer: E
 Renal agenesis is the absence of one or both kidneys.

Answer: F
 Micturition is the act of voiding urine from the bladder. Anuria, oliguria, hypouresis, polyuria, hematuria, and renal agenesis are all conditions related to the passage of urine, while micturition refers to the act of voiding urine.

Question 2

A patient with a possible ureteric stone comes from the emergency department (ED)for an IVU.She has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN)level of 50.Which of the following imaging modalities is recommended for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A BUN level of 50 suggests impaired renal function, which can be further compromised by the use of an ionic contrast agent in an IVU. CT without contrast is the preferred imaging modality for patients with suspected ureteric stones and impaired renal function. Sonography may not provide adequate image quality, and MRI is not typically used for evaluation of ureteric stones.

Question 3

MATCHING
Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.)
-Complete cessation of urinary secretion

Accepted Answer

Anuria is the complete cessation of urinary secretion.

Answer: B 
 Oliguria or hypouresis is the reduced urinary output.

Answer: D 
 Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine.

Answer: E 
 Renal agenesis is the failure of one or both kidneys to develop.

Answer: F 
 Micturition is the act of urination.

Question 4

A patient,during an injection of contrast media,complains about pain at the injection site.The radiographer notices a moderate degree of swelling beneath the skin.The radiographer stops the injection and suspects that the needle has slipped out of the vein.What should the radiographer do after removing the needle to alleviate the patient's discomfort?

Accepted Answer

Elevating the limb and placing a cold compress over the injection site will help alleviate pain and reduce swelling. Giving diphenhydramine may not be necessary in this situation as the patient's discomfort is likely due to a mechanical issue with the injection rather than an allergic reaction. Placing ice directly on the skin can cause damage and should be avoided. Flexing and extending the elbow will not affect the absorption of contrast media into the soft tissues.

Question 5

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.)
-Artificial opening between the urinary bladder and aspects of the large intestine

Accepted Answer

The description is consistent with a vesicocolonic fistula, which is an abnormal connection between the urinary bladder and colon.

The other choices are not related:
A) Horseshoe kidney - a congenital anomaly where both kidneys are connected by tissue and form a U-shape.
B) Ectopic kidney - a congenital anomaly where the kidney is located in an abnormal position.
D) Staghorn kidney stone - a large stone that fills the renal pelvis and calyces, often requiring surgical removal.
E) Urinary incontinence - loss of bladder control 
F) BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) - an enlargement of the prostate gland that can cause urinary symptoms.

Question 6

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.)
-Fusion of the kidneys during development of the fetus

Accepted Answer

Fusion of the kidneys during fetal development can result in a horseshoe kidney, in which the two kidneys fuse together at the bottom to form a U-shaped structure.

Question 7

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.)
-Large stone that grows and completely fills the renal pelvis

Accepted Answer

A staghorn kidney stone is a large stone that grows and completely fills the renal pelvis.

Answer: A
 A horseshoe kidney is a congenital abnormality where the two kidneys fuse together at the lower poles, creating a U-shaped kidney with the isthmus located anteriorly. It is not associated with kidney stones.

Answer: C
 A vesicocolonic fistula is an abnormal connection between the bladder and colon, which can result in fecal matter in the urine. It is not associated with kidney stones.

Answer: E
 Urinary incontinence is the inability to control bladder function and is not associated with kidney stones.

Answer: F
 BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that can cause urinary symptoms, but it is not associated with kidney stones.

Question 8

A patient experiences a hot flash after the injection of an iodinated contrast media.What should be the next action taken by the technologist?

Accepted Answer

Hot flashes are a common side effect of iodinated contrast media. It's important for the technologist to comfort the patient and reassure them that this reaction is not uncommon and usually passes quickly.

Question 9

MATCHING
Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.)
-Blood in the urine

Accepted Answer

Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine.

Answer: E
 Renal agenesis is the term used to describe the absence of one or both kidneys.

Answer: F
 Micturition is the process of urine being expelled from the bladder during urination. Anuria (A) means no urine output, oliguria or hypouresis (B) means reduced urine output, and polyuria (C) means increased urine output.

Question 10

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.)
-Normal kidney that fails to ascend into the abdomen,but rather,remains in the pelvis

Accepted Answer

A kidney that fails to ascend into the abdomen is considered an ectopic kidney, meaning it is located in an abnormal position, such as in the pelvis.

(Note: Horseshoe kidney is a separate pathology in which the two kidneys fuse together at the lower end during development, forming a shape resembling a horseshoe. This is not the correct answer for this statement.)

Question 11

A male patient comes to radiology for a voiding cystourethrogram.Which of the following projections and/or positions would be performed for this procedure?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A male patient comes to radiology for...

Question 12

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.)
-Age-associated enlargement of the prostate gland

Accepted Answer

BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) is a condition in which the prostate gland becomes enlarged as a man ages.

Question 13

MATCHING
Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.)
-Excretion of diminished amounts of urine

Accepted Answer

Oliguria or hypouresis is the term used to describe the excretion of diminished amounts of urine. Anuria refers to the absence of urine production, polyuria refers to excessive urine production, hematuria refers to the presence of blood in urine, renal agenesis refers to the failure of a kidney to develop, and micturition is the act of urination.

Question 14

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.)
-Constant or frequent involuntary passage of urine

Accepted Answer

Urinary incontinence refers to the constant or frequent involuntary passage of urine.

Question 15

A patient comes to radiology for an IVU.His laboratory report indicates a creatinine level of 0.7 mg/dL.What should be the technologist's next step?

Accepted Answer

A creatinine level of 0.7 mg/dL is within the normal range and there is no need to stop the exam or notify the radiologist or referring physician. The technologist can proceed with the study as planned. If the creatinine level was elevated, it would be necessary to take further action and possibly delay the exam or choose a different imaging modality that is safer for the patient's renal function.

Question 16

A true allergic reaction is also termed as an anaphylactic reaction.

Accepted Answer

An anaphylactic reaction is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. Therefore, a true allergic reaction is also called an anaphylactic reaction.

Question 17

MATCHING
Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.)
-Act of voiding

Accepted Answer

Micturition is the medical term used to describe the act of voiding or urinating.

Note: The other options are incorrect for the following reasons - 
A) Anuria means absence of urine production.
B) Oliguria or hypouresis refer to reduced urine output.
C) Polyuria means increased urine production.
D) Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine.
E) Renal agenesis means absence of one or both kidneys at birth.

Question 18

All reactions,regardless to their severity,must be documented.

Accepted Answer

All reactions, regardless of their severity, should be documented in medical records. This is important for tracking patient history, identifying potential allergic reactions, and improving overall patient care.

Question 19

MATCHING
Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.)
-Absence of a functioning kidney

Accepted Answer

Renal agenesis refers to the absence of a functioning kidney.

Answer: A
 Anuria refers to the absence of urine production by the kidneys.

Answer: D
 Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in urine.

Answer: B
 Oliguria or hypouresis refers to decreased urine output.

Answer: C
 Polyuria refers to excessive urine production.

Answer: F
 Micturition refers to the act of emptying the bladder.

Question 20

During an IVU,the patient develops severe urticaria.What should be the next action taken by the technologist?

Accepted Answer

Severe urticaria is a sign of an allergic reaction and requires immediate medical attention. The technologist should stop the procedure, get medical assistance, and monitor the patient closely for any further signs or symptoms of a reaction.

Quiz 14: Urinary System and Venipuncture

MATCHING Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.) -Passage of a large volume of urine

A patient with a possible ureteric stone comes from the emergency department (ED) for an IVU.She has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level of 50.Which of the following imaging modalities is recommended for this patient?

MATCHING Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.) -Complete cessation of urinary secretion

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.) -Artificial opening between the urinary bladder and aspects of the large intestine

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.) -Fusion of the kidneys during development of the fetus

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.) -Large stone that grows and completely fills the renal pelvis

A patient experiences a hot flash after the injection of an iodinated contrast media.What should be the next action taken by the technologist?

MATCHING Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.) -Blood in the urine

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.) -Normal kidney that fails to ascend into the abdomen,but rather,remains in the pelvis

A male patient comes to radiology for a voiding cystourethrogram.Which of the following projections and/or positions would be performed for this procedure?

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.) -Age-associated enlargement of the prostate gland

MATCHING Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.) -Excretion of diminished amounts of urine

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.) -Constant or frequent involuntary passage of urine

A patient comes to radiology for an IVU.His laboratory report indicates a creatinine level of 0.7 mg/dL.What should be the technologist's next step?

A true allergic reaction is also termed as an anaphylactic reaction.

MATCHING Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.) -Act of voiding

All reactions,regardless to their severity,must be documented.

MATCHING Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.) -Absence of a functioning kidney

During an IVU,the patient develops severe urticaria.What should be the next action taken by the technologist?