Question 1

Vitamin D is needed for the proper absorption of calcium from the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D enhances the absorption of calcium from the small intestine, which is crucial for the formation and maintenance of healthy bones.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a step in the formation of endochondral bone?
A) Hyaline cartilage develops in the shape of the future bone.
B) Periosteum forms from connective tissue on the outside of the developing bone.
C) Hyaline cartilage converts to adipose tissue.
D) Osteoblasts deposit bone tissue in place of disintegrating cartilage.
E) Osteoblasts deposit compact bone beneath the periosteum.

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage does not convert to adipose tissue in the process of endochondral ossification. Instead, it serves as a template that is gradually replaced by bone tissue.

Question 3

In the humerus, the deltoid tuberosity is located on the diaphysis; the trochlea, capitulum, and the greater/lesser tubercles are parts of the epiphyses.

Accepted Answer

The deltoid tuberosity is indeed located on the diaphysis (shaft) of the humerus, serving as the attachment site for the deltoid muscle. The trochlea and capitulum, which articulate with the ulna and radius respectively, along with the greater and lesser tubercles, which serve as attachment sites for muscles, are all part of the epiphyses (ends) of the humerus.

Question 4

Synovial fluid moistens and lubricates the cartilaginous surfaces within a joint.

Accepted Answer

Synovial fluid, produced by the synovial membrane, serves to reduce friction between the articular cartilages of synovial joints during movement, thus moistening and lubricating these surfaces.

Question 5

The salts that are abundantin the extracellular matrix of bone tissue consist largely of __________.
A) calcium phosphate
B) sodium chloride
C) calcium carbonate
D) calcium sulfate
E) sodium bicarbonate

Accepted Answer

Calcium phosphate is the primary salt found in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue, providing strength and rigidity to bones.

Question 6

Most people have 24ribs.

Accepted Answer

Most people have 24 ribs, 12 on each side of the ribcage. However, some people may have an extra pair of ribs or a missing pair of ribs due to genetic variation.

Question 7

The hip joint is a pivot joint.

Accepted Answer

The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint, allowing for a wide range of motion in multiple directions.

Question 8

Intervertebral foramina combine to form the vertebral or spinal canal.

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral foramina are openings between adjacent vertebrae through which spinal nerves exit, while the vertebral or spinal canal is formed by the vertebral foramina of all the vertebrae aligning to enclose and protect the spinal cord.

Question 9

When typing on the keyboard of a computer, your forearm is in supination.

Accepted Answer

When typing on a keyboard, your forearm is typically in a neutral position, neither fully supinated nor fully pronated. Supination refers to the outward rotation of the forearm, which is not the usual position for typing.

Question 10

When doing jumping jacks, your legs are flexing and extending.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When doing jumping jacks, your legs are...

Question 11

The importance of fontanels in the infant's skull is to permit some movement of bones, thereby enabling the infant to pass more easily through the birth canal.

Accepted Answer

Fontanels are soft spots on a baby's skull that allow for the bones to move slightly during birth, making it easier for the baby to pass through the birth canal. They also accommodate the rapid growth of the brain during infancy.

Question 12

Osteoclasts are large cells that cause the breakdown of bone tissue.

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts are indeed large cells that resorb or break down bone tissue, which is a crucial process for bone remodeling and calcium homeostasis in the body.

Question 13

A martial artist receives a punch that causes the xiphoid process to break. This suggests that the punch hit the pectoral girdle.

Accepted Answer

The xiphoid process is a small, cartilaginous extension at the inferior end of the sternum, which is not part of the pectoral girdle. Therefore, the punch would have hit the sternum, not the pectoral girdle.

Question 14

The humerus has an olecranon fossa.

Accepted Answer

The olecranon fossa is a deep triangular depression on the posterior side of the humerus, which accommodates the olecranon of the ulna when the arm is extended.

Question 15

The microscopic bony chambers that house mature bone cells are called __________.
A) lacunae
B) central canals
C) osteons
D) perforating canals
E) canaliculi

Accepted Answer

Lacunae are the small cavities in bone tissue that house mature bone cells, known as osteocytes.

Question 16

The appendicular skeleton consists of the parts that support and protect the head, neck, and trunk.

Accepted Answer

The appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of the limbs and their associated girdles, which attach the limbs to the axial skeleton. It does not include the parts that support and protect the head, neck, and trunk, which are part of the axial skeleton.

Question 17

A meniscus functions to cushion articulating surfaces of bones.

Accepted Answer

The meniscus is a type of cartilage in the knee that acts as a cushion between the femur and tibia, helping to absorb shock and reduce friction during movement.

Question 18

The parietal bones meet the frontal bone along the sagittal suture.

Accepted Answer

The parietal bones meet the frontal bone along the coronal suture, not the sagittal suture. The sagittal suture is where the two parietal bones meet each other.

Question 19

A young womanis in a car accident. When she regains consciousness, she notices a sharp pain in her left arm. Looking down, she sees a bone sticking out. This is a compound fracture.

Accepted Answer

A compound fracture is when the broken bone protrudes through the skin, causing an open wound. In this scenario, the bone sticking out of the woman's left arm indicates a compound fracture.

Question 20

The tarsal bones form the wrist.

Accepted Answer

The tarsal bones form the ankle, not the wrist. The wrist is formed by the carpal bones.

Quiz 7: Skeletal System