Question 1

The nurse cares for an admitted client to rule out a multiple myeloma diagnosis. Which finding does the nurse report to the healthcare provider immediately?

Accepted Answer

An increase in Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) from 20 mg/dL to 48 mg/dL indicates kidney dysfunction, which can be an urgent complication of multiple myeloma due to the high protein levels damaging the kidneys. This requires immediate attention and intervention.

Question 2

An older client is prescribed a blood transfusion of two units packed red blood cells. What should the nurse do when providing the blood to this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Older clients are at risk for fluid overload; administering each unit over two to four hours (B) helps prevent this. A diuretic (C) may be prescribed to manage fluid balance. Assessing the IV site (D) ensures proper infusion and prevents complications. Monitoring vital signs and urine output (E) helps detect adverse reactions or fluid overload.

Question 3

While completing an assessment the nurse is concerned that an older client is experiencing anemia. Which findings are most concerning for anemia? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

B,C,D,E

Question 4

The healthcare provider determines that an older client, who takes daily aspirin, is at risk for a stroke. Which finding causes the nurse to contact the healthcare provider?

Accepted Answer

Darker stools can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, which is a concern for a patient on aspirin due to its blood-thinning effects, increasing the risk of bleeding.

Question 5

An older client is diagnosed with polycythemia vera and has a hematocrit of 58%. Which interventions are most important for the nurse to implement? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An older client is diagnosed with polycythemia...

Question 6

Which finding most concerns the nurse that the client has pernicious anemia?

Accepted Answer

Tingling and hand clumsiness can indicate neurological complications due to vitamin B12 deficiency, which is common in pernicious anemia.

Question 7

An older client is experiencing acute liver failure. Which laboratory findings are most closely related to this condition? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An older client is experiencing acute liver...

Question 8

The nurse is caring for an older adult client with chronic renal failure who is scheduled for dialysis in two hours. Which finding is most concerning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for an older...

Question 9

An older client is prescribed warfarin. What will the nurse include when teaching the client about this medication?

Accepted Answer

Warfarin increases the risk of bleeding, so safety measures like safety bars and non-skid carpeting are important to prevent falls and injuries.

Question 10

The client is admitted to rule out a diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which assessment finding best indicates to the nurse that an older adult client has non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Accepted Answer

Diffuse lymph node enlargement is a hallmark sign of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, indicating the widespread involvement of lymphatic tissue characteristic of this disease.

Question 11

The nurse provides discharge teaching to an older client diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Which statement by the client best indicates the client understands the teaching?

Accepted Answer

Regular lab work is important to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for iron deficiency anemia.

Question 12

Which clinical finding by the nurse is considered normal in the older adult client?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which clinical finding by the nurse is...

Question 13

An older client with chronic renal failure and weekly dialysis has anemia. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for this client?

Accepted Answer

Erythropoietin injection is the most important intervention for an older client with chronic renal failure and anemia. Chronic renal failure often leads to decreased production of erythropoietin by the kidneys, which is necessary for the production of red blood cells. Administering erythropoietin can help correct the anemia.

Question 14

An older client is diagnosed with thalassemia. How will the nurse instruct the client about this diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An older client is diagnosed with thalassemia....

Question 15

The nurse cares for a client with multiple myeloma. Which assessment finding is the priority for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?

Accepted Answer

Overnight diaphoresis requiring a bed change is a priority assessment finding for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider because it may indicate hypercalcemia, a serious complication of multiple myeloma.

Question 16

The nurse is preparing an educational program on hemolytic anemia for the residents of an assisted living center. Which potential causes should the nurse include in the program? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Cephalosporin antibiotics, exposure to toxic chemicals, and prosthetic heart valve placement are known potential causes of hemolytic anemia. Chronic steroid therapy and prolonged jaundice are not typical causes of hemolytic anemia.

Question 17

The nurse has completed a physical assessment on an older client. Which new assessment finding is most concerning for the presence of deep-venous thrombosis?

Accepted Answer

Swelling in one leg with pitting edema is a classic sign of deep-venous thrombosis (DVT), indicating a possible blood clot in the leg. This condition requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications such as a pulmonary embolism.

Question 18

A client is prescribed warfarin for chronic atrial fibrillation. Which laboratory value is most concerning to the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Hematocrit level of 31% is concerning because it indicates anemia, which can be a serious condition in a patient on warfarin, as it may exacerbate bleeding risks or indicate an underlying bleeding issue.

Question 19

What are the most concerning assessment findings in an older client with a suspected vitamin B12 deficiency? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the most concerning assessment findings...

Question 20

An older client is diagnosed with hemolytic anemia. What will the nurse teach the client about this disorder?

Accepted Answer

Hemolytic anemia involves the destruction of red blood cells faster than they can be made. Folic acid is often used in treatment to help the body produce new red blood cells.

Quiz 21: The Hematologic System