Question 1

Flow in which there is no mixing between parallel layers in the water is known as what?
A) turbulent flow
B) outflow
C) intermittent flow
D) laminar flow
E) stream flow

Accepted Answer

Laminar flow is a smooth and orderly flow in which water flows in parallel layers without mixing. It occurs when the velocity of water is relatively low, and each layer of water moves in a straight line.

Question 2

The percentage of the Earth's water that is fresh water and is not frozen is ____.
A) 5 percent
B) 3 percent
C) 1 percent
D) 0.65 percent
E) 0.01 percent

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is D: 0.65 percent. Only 0.65 percent of the Earth's water is fresh water and is not frozen.

Question 3

The types of marine deltas that are recognized,based on the relative importance of the processes involved in their formation are ____________________-dominated,____________________-dominated,and ____________________-dominated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The types of marine deltas that are...

Question 4

A change in base level leading to formation of stream terraces can come about by ____________________ of the land over which the stream flows or a(n)____________________ of sea level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A change in base level leading to...

Question 5

A delta that has islands reworked by waves on the seaward side,such as the Nile delta,is typically formed as a(n)____-dominated delta.
A) avian
B) stream
C) wave
D) tide
E) sediment

Accepted Answer

Deltas can be classified based on the dominant process that contributes to their formation. Wave-dominated deltas are shaped primarily by the erosive power of waves on the seaward side, which can rework islands and cause sediment to move along the shore. Avian-dominated deltas refer to those formed by the deposition of organic material from bird colonies, while stream-dominated deltas are primarily shaped by the movement of water and sediment through river channels. Tide-dominated deltas are influenced by the daily ebb and flow of tides, and sediment-dominated deltas are those where sediment input from rivers is the predominant factor in their formation.

Question 6

The percentage of Earth's water that is in the oceans is ____.
A) 100 percent
B) 97 percent
C) 93 percent
D) 55 percent
E) 50 percent

Accepted Answer

About 97% of Earth's water is in the oceans. This is the largest reservoir of water on Earth. The remaining 3% is freshwater, with about 2.5% of that being locked up in glaciers, ice caps, and permafrost.

Question 7

To predict floods,scientists
A) monitor a stream's water levels.
B) evaluate a stream's past behavior.
C) assume the same behavior as last year.
D) monitor water levels and evaluate past behavior for a stream.

Accepted Answer

Monitoring water levels and evaluating past behavior of a stream are both important factors in predicting floods. By monitoring the current water levels, scientists can determine if the stream is nearing flood stage. By evaluating past behavior, such as how the stream has responded to heavy rainfall in the past, scientists can anticipate how the stream may behave in the future. Therefore, the best choice is D, monitoring water levels and evaluating past behavior for a stream.

Question 8

The lower limit to which the stream can erode is its ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The lower limit to which the stream...

Question 9

The renewal of erosion which results in creation of stream terraces is generally attributed to a change in ____________________ level,or a change in climate resulting in greater ____________________,and thus discharge.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The renewal of erosion which results in...

Question 10

The Mississippi Delta is a good example of a
A) tide-dominated delta.
B) distributary channel.
C) stream-dominated delta.
D) mixed delta.

Accepted Answer

The Mississippi Delta is a classic example of a stream-dominated delta because it is formed by the deposition of sediment carried by one river (the Mississippi River) that has a high discharge and transports large amounts of sediment. This sediment is deposited at the mouth of the river, building up land and forming a delta. The other options are not applicable because a tide-dominated delta is formed by the interaction of tides and waves with sediment, a distributary channel is a channel that branches off from a river or stream and disperses water and sediment to other areas, and a mixed delta is formed by both river sediment and sediment transported by waves and tides.

Question 11

Ridges of alluvium left along a stream's margins by repeated deposition during floods are called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ridges of alluvium left along a stream's...

Question 12

An uplifted erosional remnant of a floodplain that formed when a stream was flowing at a higher level is called a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An uplifted erosional remnant of a floodplain...

Question 13

Streams do most of their erosion,transportation of sediment,and deposition of sediment during ____.
A) day-to-day flow movement
B) icy winters
C) flooding
D) rainstorms
E) wind storms

Accepted Answer

During flooding, streams experience a higher volume and velocity of water flow, allowing for increased erosion, transportation, and deposition of sediment.

Question 14

A fan-shaped deposit of alluvium that forms adjacent to highlands in arid or semiarid climates is called a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A fan-shaped deposit of alluvium that forms...

Question 15

Lateral erosion creates conditions along a stream valley that promotes movement of material by another geologic process known as ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lateral erosion creates conditions along a stream...

Question 16

A stream erodes material from its banks and bed by ____.
A) suspension
B) hydraulic action
C) abrasion
D) suspension and hydraulic action
E) hydraulic action and abrasion

Accepted Answer

Hydraulic action is when the force of the water dislodges and moves sediment, while abrasion is when the sediment that is picked up by the water acts like sandpaper and erodes the banks and bed of the stream. Therefore, the correct answer is E - hydraulic action and abrasion.

Question 17

The primary factor that determines whether water moves by turbulent or laminar flow is ____.
A) discharge
B) gradient
C) velocity
D) area
E) none of these

Accepted Answer

The velocity of water flow is the primary factor that determines whether water moves by turbulent or laminar flow. When the velocity of water is low, the flow is laminar, and when it is high, the flow becomes turbulent. Discharge, gradient, and area do not directly affect the type of flow, but they can impact the velocity of flow, which can then affect the type of flow. Therefore, option C is the correct choice.

Question 18

A delta with long,fingerlike sand bodies,each deposited in a distributary channel that progrades far seaward,such as the Mississippi River,is typically formed as a(n)____-dominated delta.
A) avian
B) stream
C) wave
D) tide
E) sediment

Accepted Answer

Distributary channels are formed by the main river branching out and depositing sediment in different directions. Stream-dominated deltas are formed when the river's discharge (volume of water flowing) is greater than the waves and tides, which allows the sediment to be deposited and create the fingerlike sand bodies. The other options, avian, wave, tide, and sediment, do not accurately describe the dominant process that forms this type of delta.

Question 19

The total surface region that provides runoff to a stream system is known as a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The total surface region that provides runoff...

Question 20

What do the solid particles of a stream include?
A) bed load
B) suspended load
C) solution load
D) bed load and suspended load
E) suspended load and solution load

Accepted Answer

The solid particles of a stream include both bed load and suspended load. Bed load refers to the larger, heavier particles that roll or slide along the bottom of the stream bed, while suspended load refers to the finer particles that are carried in the water column. Solution load refers to dissolved minerals and ions in the water, but these are not considered solid particles.

Quiz 12: Running Water Streams and Rivers

Flow in which there is no mixing between parallel layers in the water is known as what?

The percentage of the Earth's water that is fresh water and is not frozen is ____.

The types of marine deltas that are recognized,based on the relative importance of the processes involved in their formation are -dominated,-dominated,and -dominated.

A change in base level leading to formation of stream terraces can come about by of the land over which the stream flows or a(n) of sea level.

A delta that has islands reworked by waves on the seaward side,such as the Nile delta,is typically formed as a(n) ____-dominated delta.

The percentage of Earth's water that is in the oceans is ____.

To predict floods,scientists

The lower limit to which the stream can erode is its ____________________.

The renewal of erosion which results in creation of stream terraces is generally attributed to a change in level,or a change in climate resulting in greater ,and thus discharge.

The Mississippi Delta is a good example of a

Ridges of alluvium left along a stream's margins by repeated deposition during floods are called ____________________.

An uplifted erosional remnant of a floodplain that formed when a stream was flowing at a higher level is called a(n)____________________.

Streams do most of their erosion,transportation of sediment,and deposition of sediment during ____.

A fan-shaped deposit of alluvium that forms adjacent to highlands in arid or semiarid climates is called a(n)____________________.

Lateral erosion creates conditions along a stream valley that promotes movement of material by another geologic process known as ____________________.

A stream erodes material from its banks and bed by ____.

The primary factor that determines whether water moves by turbulent or laminar flow is ____.

A delta with long,fingerlike sand bodies,each deposited in a distributary channel that progrades far seaward,such as the Mississippi River,is typically formed as a(n) ____-dominated delta.

The total surface region that provides runoff to a stream system is known as a(n)____________________.

What do the solid particles of a stream include?