Why did Craik and Lockhart question the distinction between Short-Term Memory and Long-Term Memory?

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Craik and Lockhart questioned the distinction between Short-Term Memory (STM) and Long-Term Memory (LTM) because they believed that the process of memory storage is more about the depth of processing (how meaningfully information is processed) rather than being strictly divided into STM and LTM. They suggested that factors such as the meaningful relation of words (A), the sensitivity of STM to different types of representations (B), and the variability in decay rates depending on the information (C) all indicate that memory cannot be simply categorized into STM and LTM based on duration and capacity alone. Their work led to the development of the Levels of Processing framework, which focuses on the depth of processing as a determinant of memory retention.

Why Did Craik and Lockhart Question the Distinction Between Short-Term